tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-47610041777178900812024-03-19T03:45:57.423-07:00WELCOME TO GLOBALJETROHANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12815829645739278100noreply@blogger.comBlogger9125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4761004177717890081.post-23346361357420710872020-02-13T19:03:00.002-08:002020-02-13T19:03:36.100-08:00F-35<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6jMEUkpCQIfg1YfprTKZaqyvGTe6ZE-keboR95Pxj0g2hT2iss6X9XzXzDrzq83tuISgJIx5jMABOSfYhFNDYdvnBQ85JTL0uXKLsEjAG1Fj8bgebSarH2eGVOsISwXZBBjcR2HIuz8NQ/s1600/1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="293" data-original-width="1000" height="187" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6jMEUkpCQIfg1YfprTKZaqyvGTe6ZE-keboR95Pxj0g2hT2iss6X9XzXzDrzq83tuISgJIx5jMABOSfYhFNDYdvnBQ85JTL0uXKLsEjAG1Fj8bgebSarH2eGVOsISwXZBBjcR2HIuz8NQ/s640/1.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiljhjnq3zDNUMniIr_jo2W7zmlV4u-j3td9M5CGlP4gWkgA3m-_Fz4mxw_jykQZaYhTxOifDd3S65H7eKJ6irw1UH_zRJGhHbqe1zMCF8ZkVK_nbOjbT4XyGfROiJirOrbRQfgiZUPPS7e/s1600/2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="561" data-original-width="1600" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiljhjnq3zDNUMniIr_jo2W7zmlV4u-j3td9M5CGlP4gWkgA3m-_Fz4mxw_jykQZaYhTxOifDd3S65H7eKJ6irw1UH_zRJGhHbqe1zMCF8ZkVK_nbOjbT4XyGfROiJirOrbRQfgiZUPPS7e/s640/2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
Stealth is an ancient strategy, dating to humans’ earliest use of vegetation as camouflage in battle and while hunting prey. However, it took until the early 1960s for stealth technology to accelerate, when Lockheed Martin developed design techniques for radar cross-section (RCS) reduction and radar-absorbent materials for military aircraft.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
Since then, stealth technology has expanded exponentially, culminating in the unprecedented capabilities of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter. With an easily maintainable 5th generation stealth design, advanced situational awareness and highly integrated mission systems, the F-35 Lightning II is highly survivable and lethal as deployed in today’s advanced air defense threat environments.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
The F-35 will soon perform ground attack, aerial reconnaissance and air defense missions for U.S. and allied military forces, and officially joined a Marine Corps squadron in July. With advanced stealth and sensors, it can detect enemy craft long before being spotted first. Its external shape, internal carriage of weapons and fuel and embedded sensors are all designed for maximum stealth performance.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
This plane is designed for total mission success, with the most survivable yet lethal cockpit environment to date. The F-35 combines unparalleled stealth with 360-degree situational awareness and the ability to conduct attacks electronically, along with sophisticated data capturing and a robust communication suite.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
Paul Poitras, director of survivability at Lockheed Martin’s Skunk Works® division, expects tighter integration with airframe and mission systems designs to balance stealth “with other aircraft systems and performance attributes, making the whole greater than the sum of the parts.”</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
“The next steps in stealth advancement will include a focus on cost-effective, higher-performing and reduced maintenance technologies,” said Harold Carter, a senior research science manager at Skunk Works. “Early consideration of maintenance into aircraft designs and improved maintenance practices will continue to lower ownership costs.”</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
<br /></div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
Yet, what of that inevitable boom after this supersonic jet breaks the sound barrier? “By the time the enemy can hear you, it’s too late for them to react,” Poitras said. “Sound energy will never arrive sooner than radar energy from the same source, and is not useful to announce the approach of a modern fighter aircraft.”</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
Indeed, stealth does not provide the jet with full invisibility, but allows it to elude or greatly complicate an enemy’s ability to find and destroy the jet.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
“The plane’s shape is designed to deflect radar energy away from the source like a slanted mirror,” Poitras said. “Its surface is also blended and smoothed to enable radar energy to smoothly flow across it—similar to water flowing across a smooth surface.”</div>
<div class="video-container posttv-video" data-player-type="posttv-player" data-show-posttv-overlay="0" data-uuid="af5c0596-7bf5-11e5-bfb6-65300a5ff562" data-video-uuid="af5c0596-7bf5-11e5-bfb6-65300a5ff562" data-volume="0" id="firstVideo" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 14px; position: relative;">
</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
Other aircraft features that are difficult to re-shape or treat with radar-absorbing materials, such as the engine compressor face, are hidden from direct view by the threat radars. The plane’s conventional probes and vanes are housed internally to promote stealth.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
Media, government and military experts have called this single-engine jet, which weighs as much as 35 tons with a full load of fuel, the future of the American fighter. In U.S. military aviation, stealth technology is continuing to evolve beyond the F-35, and will be integrated at the earliest stages of developing aircraft systems.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
“Knowledge gained during the design, manufacture, operation and sustainment of the F-35 has created a foundation for the development of broader stealth performance capabilities that will continue to evolve with the threats,” Carter said.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5D9FpPxwHd5vVvc8fFbfNbiADHKo0Hr0yPgmvpEu1WzkiM3dDYIZAc9vljsd8KfJemAPhsWVBJPFCjDVTFnk9HO_DFEelauNTzY5Ko6R6JGVVKxPuSgJelrCBj4E0PXEA8VIKxpB_1G5u/s1600/3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="795" data-original-width="1600" height="318" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5D9FpPxwHd5vVvc8fFbfNbiADHKo0Hr0yPgmvpEu1WzkiM3dDYIZAc9vljsd8KfJemAPhsWVBJPFCjDVTFnk9HO_DFEelauNTzY5Ko6R6JGVVKxPuSgJelrCBj4E0PXEA8VIKxpB_1G5u/s640/3.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: #0c0b17; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
For generations, policymakers have predicted the demise of the manned fighter jet, surmising technological advances would soon eclipse the need for a human operator. Back in 1957, Britain reorganized its defense ministry and canceled aircraft development—assuming the next war would be fought with missiles alone, making manned military aircraft obsolete.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: #0c0b17; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
Yet more than a half-century later, the fighter pilot remains an essential player in the war theater, even in wildly sophisticated aircraft like the F-35 Lightning II. With the jet’s advanced sensor and stealth technologies, today’s pilots can be even more precise, accurate and lethal.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: #0c0b17; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
A major difference in the cockpit of the F-35—a 5th generation fighter jet—is its advanced situational awareness, which provides the pilot with comprehensive data, including enemy position and locational information. With more real-time data than ever before, pilots can locate their targets and know which radar blips are the ‘good guys.’ In older aircraft, any gap in situational awareness was deadly.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: #0c0b17; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
Billie Flynn, a senior experimental test pilot with Lockheed Martin who has flown 80 different types of aircraft, said previous generation fighter pilots—popularized by Hollywood’s Maverick and Ice Man of “Top Gun”—“spent their dogfighting time trying to evade the adversary. In my world, that doesn’t happen anymore.”</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: #0c0b17; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
Before pilots had access to a usable data link, which allows ships and aircraft to share sensor and other data, information about the pilot’s surroundings and other aircraft or ships was ‘talked out’ on the radio or in coded shorthand. The pilot had to build a mental picture of what was going on.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjawVuU_RP9sYO7J827vX2yyxrX9sIU4V8iu99yFTOGxItarMLcPbtQj2P4EHShqfcG0cmrJijhw6prVxH3VymflO3bW72mL37sG8X1fmticqNlNlMpSAve-IXzdn5QEJdUyQw3H2bO4NQk/s1600/4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="618" data-original-width="1600" height="246" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjawVuU_RP9sYO7J827vX2yyxrX9sIU4V8iu99yFTOGxItarMLcPbtQj2P4EHShqfcG0cmrJijhw6prVxH3VymflO3bW72mL37sG8X1fmticqNlNlMpSAve-IXzdn5QEJdUyQw3H2bO4NQk/s640/4.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: #0c0b17; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
Today, “a variety of sensors allow us to see everything around us with great precision,” Flynn said. “The plane’s computer system synthesizes and prioritizes the information and tells me who the good and bad guys are. That makes my workload less than was ever was the case in any generation of fighter before.”</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: #0c0b17; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
Many of the F-35’s revolutionary capabilities are embodied in its helmet, which has changed the pilot’s job description. All the information pilots need to complete their missions—airspeed, heading, altitude, targeting information and warnings—is projected on the helmet’s visor, rather than on a traditional heads-up display in the cockpit. “I am never overwhelmed by data,” Flynn said.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: #0c0b17; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
With multiple sensors embedded in the plane through its Distributed Aperture System (DAS), F-35 pilots have a 360-degree view of the outside on their visors—up, down and all around. “The pilot sees everything that’s of concern to him on the ground and to the horizon, even to the point where he can look between his legs, underneath the airplane, and see all the way to the ground,” Flynn said.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
In April, a cybersecurity expert claimed he hacked into a commercial airline’s Internet system, while the Government Accountability Office noted security issues with airline passenger WiFi networks. In February, more than 100 banks in 30 countries had approximately $1 billion stolen as an international hacking syndicate snuck through security systems.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
Our digital—and in many cases, our actual—lives are at risk every time we enter our personal information into a system. There’s a very real need for improved network security.</div>
<div class="section-text" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: FranklinGothic-book-webfont; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.9rem; margin-bottom: 1.7rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;">
In this environment, U.S. military cybersecurity capabilities hold promise for improving networks in the private sector. For example, the F-35 Lightning II, a fighter jet powered by its own complex supercomputer, has a particularly robust system of cyber-protection to stay ahead of potential attacks—in the air, on the ground and at sea.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqN6QoDe1ZviPkyx1aE0dt5H6hiHfpw5GTMh9b_Vcrqzyem6XlB2OirglKc0KoDqgCrxvB-Hpu3FJ_bLDDvkoPZCsQ7doLnzx3DYn7_nByC_AAkFwdu45Baz0fuE11Pz_g6EwlsxojPIKt/s1600/5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="548" data-original-width="738" height="473" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqN6QoDe1ZviPkyx1aE0dt5H6hiHfpw5GTMh9b_Vcrqzyem6XlB2OirglKc0KoDqgCrxvB-Hpu3FJ_bLDDvkoPZCsQ7doLnzx3DYn7_nByC_AAkFwdu45Baz0fuE11Pz_g6EwlsxojPIKt/s640/5.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
</div>
</div>
ROHANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12815829645739278100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4761004177717890081.post-20456997287986569602020-02-10T20:01:00.005-08:002020-02-10T20:01:54.864-08:00B2 BOMBER<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br /><div class="small-12 medium-8 large-8 columns primary-content" style="background-color: #fefefe; box-sizing: inherit; color: #0a0a0a; float: left; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 10px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 3em; width: 921.6px;">
<div class="entry-content" style="box-sizing: inherit; padding-left: 0px; position: relative;">
<article class="post blog-post post-1435 projects type-projects status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry sector-aircraft sector-market-data sector-technology region-north-america" data-id="1435" data-url="https://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/b2/" id="post-1435" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" role="article" style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="share-container" style="box-sizing: inherit; position: relative;">
<div class="post-content-container" style="box-sizing: inherit;">
<div class="post-content cf" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-right: 0.5em;">
<div class="carousel slick-initialized slick-slider slick-dotted" role="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 3em; position: relative; touch-action: pan-y; user-select: none;">
<button aria-label="Previous" class="slick-prev slick-arrow" data-role="none" role="button" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-color: initial; border-radius: 100px; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19) 0px 0px 3em 0px; box-sizing: inherit; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 1.8em; height: 4em; left: -1.5em; line-height: 1; margin: -4em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: auto; text-indent: -5000px; top: 290.5px; transform: rotate(180deg); width: 4em; z-index: 1;" type="button">Previo<span style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); color: white; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 1rem; text-align: left;">Northrop Grumman has delivered over 20 B-2's to the US Air Forc</span></button></div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit;">
</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; clear: left; font-size: 1.8em; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0em;">
Northrop Grumman is the prime contractor for the US Air Force B-2 Spirit stealth bomber. The B-2 is a low-observable, strategic, long-range, heavy bomber capable of penetrating sophisticated and dense air-defence shields. It is capable of all-altitude attack missions up to 50,000ft, with a range of more than 6,000nm unrefuelled and over 10,000nm with one refuelling, giving it the ability to fly to any point in the world within hours.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
Its distinctive profile comes from the unique ‘flying wing’ construction. The leading edges of the wings are angled at 33° and the trailing edge has a double-W shape. It is manufactured at the Northrop Grumman facilities in Pico Rivera and Palmdale in California.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The B-2, after ten years of service, finally achieved full operational capability in December 2003. In the first three years of service, the operational B-2s achieved a sortie reliability rate of 90%. An assessment published by the USAF showed that two B-2s armed with precision weaponry can do the job of 75 conventional aircraft.</div>
<h2 id="0" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
AHFM stealth coating</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
Northrop Grumman has developed a new radar-absorbent coating to preserve the B-2’s stealth characteristics while drastically reducing maintenance time. The new material, known as alternate high-frequency material (AHFM), is sprayed on by four independently controlled robots.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
In November 2011, the USAF awarded a $109m contract to Northrop Grumman for producing a redesigned aft deck for the B-2 stealth bomber.</div>
<h2 id="1" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
B-2 deliveries and bases</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
21 B-2s have been delivered to Whiteman Air Force Base in Missouri, the first in December 1993.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
A new transportable hangar system has been developed which allows the B-2 to be deployed to forward locations overseas.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The hangars are 126ft long, 250ft wide and 55ft high. The first of these hangars has been erected on Diego Garcia in the Indian Ocean.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
Prior to this development, B-2s had to return to Whiteman AFB after missions, for maintenance of the aircraft’s stealth features. The B-2 was thus deployed for the first time during Operation Iraqi Freedom in March / April 2003. In March 2005, a B-2 squadron was deployed for the first time to Andersen Air Force Base in Guam in support of the USAF Pacific Command.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
On 23 February 2008, a B-2 crashed shortly after take-off from Andersen AFB in Guam, the first crash in the aircraft’s history. The two pilots ejected safely from the aircraft, which was not carrying munitions. A USAF investigation into the causes of the crash is underway. The B-2 fleet was grounded pending the results of the investigation but was returned to service in April 2008. A USAF investigation released an accident report in June 2008 which concluded that the crash was caused by moisture in the port transducer units. These sensors sent distorted information to the air data system.</div>
<h2 id="2" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
B-2 upgrade programme</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
Northrop Grumman, the B-2’s prime contractor, leads an industry team that is working on modernising the B-2. This is done to ensure that craft remains fully mission capable against evolving worldwide threats. A range of upgrade programmes are working on improving the B-2’s lethality; its ability to receive updated target information during a mission, and its ability to collect, process and disseminate battlefield information with joint force commanders or other local first responders worldwide.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
In June 2007, Northrop Grumman was awarded a contract to develop an EHF satellite communications capability and computer architecture upgrade for the B-2. The upgrade includes a Lockheed Martin integrated processing unit (IPU). Flight testing with the new systems was completed in July 2009.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
US Air Force and Northrop Grumman Corporation completed the system design review of the new software and computing architecture during July 2008. The new architecture allows the B-2’s new integrated processing unit (IPU) to communicate with the aircraft’s processing applications.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
This new architecture provides high-speed data handling environment required to implement future B-2 capabilities such as an EHF satellite communications system, and also provides B-2 the ability to destroy moving targets.</div>
<h2 id="3" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
B-2 Cockpit</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The cockpit accommodates two crew. It is equipped with a colour, nine-tube, electronic flight instrumentation system (EFIS), which displays flight, engine and sensor data and avionics systems and weapons status.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The pilot can choose to activate the appropriate selection of flight and mission equipment for take-off mode, go-to-war mode and landing mode by using a simple three-way switch.</div>
<h2 id="4" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
Weapons</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The aircraft carries all its weapons internally and is fitted with two separate weapons bays in the centre of the aircraft. The B-2 has the capacity to carry up to 40,000lb of weapons, including conventional and nuclear weapons, precision-guided munitions, gravity bombs and a range of maritime weapons.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
Each weapons bay is equipped with a rotary launcher and two bomb-rack assemblies. In tests, the B-2 successfully released B-61 and B-83 nuclear and mk84 conventional bombs from the rotary rocket launcher, and mk82 and CBU-87 conventional weapons from the bomb racks. The B61-11 is an earth-penetrating nuclear bomb for use against deeply buried and hardened targets. The B83 is a strategic free-fall nuclear bomb.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The B-2 can also carry the AGM-129 advanced cruise missile, which is a strategic cruise missile with a range estimated at up to 1,500 miles.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
16 satellite-guided JDAM (joint direct attack munition) missiles can be carried. Northrop Grumman is converting the B-2 bomb rack assembly to a new ‘smart’ configuration, which will increase the number of JDAMs which can be carried to a maximum of 80. The aircraft will also be fitted with the joint stand-off weapon (JSOW), joint air-to-surface stand-off missiles (JASSM) and the wind-compensated munitions dispenser (WCMD) and will be able to carry up to 80 115kg small diameter bombs (SDB).</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
In June 2007, Northrop Grumman was awarded a contract to integrate the Boeing massive ordnance penetrator (MOP) weapon on the B-2. The MOP is GPS-guided, contains 2,400kg (5,300lb) of explosive and is designed to penetrate hardened, deeply buried targets. B-2 is capable of carrying two MOP weapons, one in each weapons bay.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
A generic weapons interface system (GWIS) has been fitted as part of the block 30 upgrade. The GWIS is an integrated digital software package, which allows the B-2 to carry different mixes of stand-off weapons and direct attack munitions on a single sortie, enabling the aircraft to attack up to four different types of targets on a single mission.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
Under a contract awarded to Northrop Grumman in February 2008, the USAF has begun a programme to give the B-2 the capability to attack moving targets, using precision-guided weapons such as the small diameter bomb II. The contract involves the upgrade of displays and radar modes.</div>
<h2 id="5" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
Countermeasures</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The B-2 carries a Lockheed Martin radar warning receiver, a Northrop Grumman defensive aids system and the Lockheed Martin AN/APR-50 defensive management system (DMS).</div>
<h2 id="6" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
Radar</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The Raytheon AN/APQ-181 covert strike radar, operating at J band (Ku band), is a multi-purpose radar with terrain following and terrain avoidance modes. Testing at Edwards Air Force Base has demonstrated reliable terrain following at altitudes down to 200ft.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
In April, 2009 Northrop Grumman Corporation delivered to the US Air Force the first operational B-2 Spirit stealth bomber to be equipped with newly modernised radar. The aircraft was officially handed off to the air force on at Whiteman Air Force Base, the operational home of the B-2 fleet and the 509th Bomb Wing.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The updated aircraft will be used by air force to conduct additional field testing of the radar, and the data gathered from these decisions will support future fielding decisions.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The B-2 radar modernisation programme replaces the aircraft’s original radar system with one that incorporates technology improvements that have occurred since the B-2 was originally designed in the early 1980s.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
In November 2002, Raytheon was awarded a contract to develop a new Ku-band AESA (active electronically scanned array) antenna for the B-2 radar to avoid interference with commercial satellite systems after 2007. Flight tests with new radar began in October 2007 and continued until 2008. Installation of the new antenna on the B-2 fleet is to be completed by 2012.</div>
<h2 id="7" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
Navigation and communications</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The B-2’s navigation suite includes a Rockwell Collins TCN-250 tactical air navigation system (TACAN) and a VIR-130A instrument landing system.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The communications equipment is supplied by Rockwell Collins. A Milstar military strategic and tactical relay satellite communications system is installed in block 30 aircraft.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The aircraft have been upgraded with Link 16 communications link.</div>
<h2 id="8" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
Engine</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The aircraft is powered by four General Electric F118-GE-100 turbofan engines internally mounted in the body of the wings.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The engines have an exhaust temperature control system to minimise thermal signature.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The engines, rated at 77kN, provide a high subsonic speed and a maximum gross take-off weight of 336,500lb. In-flight refuelling gear is installed in the top centre line of the aircraft behind the cockpit.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</article></div>
</div>
</div>
ROHANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12815829645739278100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4761004177717890081.post-75118633099552853432020-02-07T18:14:00.002-08:002020-02-07T18:14:27.416-08:00SU 30MKI<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibT3bS-8ewaVWIbDaYvMhNhWCBatpr-_Wq7NoiU6GxaorVoLaGu1n3d9ahWx1AlFUkEXodKRWQd75cU9DR5-xm1qCJDR759J66abD2EJWgH8OZI8Kc56hoyehKqDqdZm5Gc9fjPBbQbNNA/s1600/1l-image-24.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="447" data-original-width="600" height="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibT3bS-8ewaVWIbDaYvMhNhWCBatpr-_Wq7NoiU6GxaorVoLaGu1n3d9ahWx1AlFUkEXodKRWQd75cU9DR5-xm1qCJDR759J66abD2EJWgH8OZI8Kc56hoyehKqDqdZm5Gc9fjPBbQbNNA/s320/1l-image-24.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<header class="post-title entry-header" style="background-color: #fefefe; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 10px; margin-bottom: 3em; padding: 0px 0px 1em; position: relative;"><aside class="share-article hide-on-print " style="box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: 2em;"><div class="row" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; max-width: 1280px;">
<br /></div>
</aside></header><div class="small-12 medium-8 large-8 columns primary-content" style="background-color: #fefefe; box-sizing: inherit; color: #0a0a0a; float: left; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 10px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 3em; width: 921.6px;">
<div class="entry-content" style="box-sizing: inherit; padding-left: 0px; position: relative;">
<article class="post blog-post post-4196 projects type-projects status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry sector-helicopters sector-market-data sector-technology region-asia-pacific" data-id="4196" data-url="https://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/su-30mki-multirole-fighter-aircraft-india/" id="post-4196" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" role="article" style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="share-container" style="box-sizing: inherit; position: relative;">
<div class="post-content-container" style="box-sizing: inherit;">
<div class="post-content cf" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-right: 0.5em;">
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; clear: left; font-size: 1.8em; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0em;">
<a href="https://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/su-30mki-multirole-fighter-aircraft-india/su-30mki-multirole-fighter-aircraft-india5.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #2196f3;"></a></div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The Sukhoi Su-30MKI is a multirole combat fighter aircraft jointly developed by the Sukhoi Design Bureau and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the Indian Air Force (IAF). Based on the Su-30 fighter aircraft, Su-30MKI is equipped with thrust vectoring control and canards.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The development of the Su-30MKI for the IAF began in 1995. Sukhoi and Irkutsk Aircraft Production Association (now known as Irkut Corporation) were initially responsible for the development and production of the aircraft respectively.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
Sukhoi built two prototypes of the Su-30MKI between 1995 and 1998. The first prototype, Su-30I-1, made its first flight in July 1997. Production began at the Irkutsk plant in 2000. The first pre-production aircraft completed its maiden flight in November 2000. India signed a MoU with Russia in October 2000, to start the license production of Su-30MKIs at HAL’s plant.</div>
<h2 id="0" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
Orders and deliveries of the multirole fighter aircraft</h2>
<div class="rightpullquote" style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #00395a; float: left; font-size: 2.4em; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0em !important; max-width: 600px; min-width: 280px; padding-bottom: 0.5em; padding-right: 1em !important; padding-top: 0px !important; position: relative; width: 354.638px;">
"In November 1996, India placed an order with Sukhoi for eight Su-30K fighters and 32 Su-30MKI aircraft."</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
In November 1996, India placed an order with Sukhoi for eight Su-30K fighters and 32 Su-30MKI aircraft. The aircraft, fitted with enhanced avionics, engines and weapons, were delivered in batches.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
In December 2000, HAL signed a contract with Rosoboronexport for the license production of Su-30MKI aircraft. As part of the contract, HAL will produce a total of 140 Su-30MKIs in four phases to complete the programme by 2015.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The first ten Russian-made Su-30MKI aircraft were delivered to the IAF in mid-2002. The aircraft were <a href="https://www.airforce-technology.com/news/newsindian-air-force-su-30-mki/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #2196f3;">inducted</a> into service in September 2002. The second batch of 12 aircraft was handed over in 2003.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The first Su-30MKI assembled by HAL was rolled out in November 2004. The first batch of two aircraft was delivered to the IAF in March 2005. The IAF placed an order with HAL for 40 Su-30MKIs in 2007.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
In December 2012, HAL signed a contract with the Ministry of Defence and Rosoboronexport for the production and delivery of 42 Su-30MKI aircraft, bringing the total number of orders to 222. The Indian Air Force operates more than 150 Su-30MKIs, as of January 2013.</div>
<h2 id="1" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
Su-30MKI design and avionics</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The Su-30MKI aircraft incorporates an aerodynamic airframe made of titanium and high intensity aluminium alloys. The twin stabilisers and horizontal tail consoles are joined to tail beams. The semi-monocoque fuselage head includes the cockpit, radar sections and the avionics bay. The section between the engine nacelles houses the equipment bay, fuel storage and the brake parachute mechanism. The aircraft has a length of 21.9m, wingspan of 14.7m and a height of 6.4m. The maximum take-off weight of Su-30MKI is 38,800kg.</div>
<div class="leftpullquote" style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #00395a; float: left; font-size: 2.4em; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.5; margin: 1.5em; max-width: 600px; min-width: 280px; padding-top: 1em; position: relative; width: 354.638px;">
"The Su-30MKI fleet of IAF will be fitted with air-launched version of BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles."</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The tandem glass cockpit of the Su-30MKI accommodates two pilots. The forward cockpit is equipped with an integrated avionics suite incorporating Elbit Su 967 head-up display (HUD), seven active-matrix liquid crystal displays (AMLCD) and primary cockpit instrumentation from Thales. The HAL-built aircraft are equipped with multifunction displays (MFD) supplied by Samtel Display Systems.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The aircraft integrates a fly by wire (FBW) flight control system. A large monochromatic display screen installed in the rear cockpit provides air-to-ground missile guidance. The Su-30MKI is also equipped with a N011M passive electronically scanned array radar, OLS-30 laser-optical locator system and Litening target designation pod to guide air-to-surface missile and laser guided munitions.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The N011M will be replaced with new Zhuk AESA (active, electronically scanned array) radar.</div>
<h2 id="2" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
Weapon systems and countermeasures</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The Su-30MKI is armed with a 30mm Gsh-30-1 cannon with 150 rounds of ammunition. The aircraft features 12 hardpoints capable of carrying external stores of up to 8t. The aircraft can launch a range of air-to-surface missiles, including Kh-29L/T/TYe, Kh-31A/P, Kh-59M and Nirbhay.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The Su-30MKI fleet of IAF will be fitted with air-launched version of BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles. The BrahMos can strike targets within the range of 290km.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The aircraft can also carry Vympel-built R-27R, R-73 and R-77 air-to-air missiles, as well as rocket pods, KAB-500 and KAB-1500 laser-guided bombs.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The Su-30MKI is fitted with a tarang radar warning receiver (RWR) indigenously developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). The aircraft also integrates chaff / flare dispensers and active jammers.</div>
<h2 id="3" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
Sukhoi Su-30MKI engine</h2>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The Su-30MKI is powered by two Al-31FP turbojet engines. Each engine generates a full afterburn thrust of 12,500kgf. The power plant, equipped with thrust vector control, provides a maximum speed of Mach 1.9 in horizontal flight and a rate of climb of 300m/s.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.6em; line-height: 1.5;">
The aircraft has a maximum unrefuelled flight range of 3,000km. The in-flight refuelling system of Su-30MKI provides a maximum range of 8,000km with two refuellings.</div>
<h3 style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 3em; font-weight: 300; margin: 1em 0px 0.75em;">
<br /></h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</article></div>
</div>
</div>
ROHANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12815829645739278100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4761004177717890081.post-78191982658603388282020-02-04T19:46:00.005-08:002020-02-04T19:46:56.920-08:00MIG 29<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<nav class="nav wrap" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "avenir next", avenir, "segoe ui", "lucida grande", "helvetica neue", helvetica, "fira sans", roboto, noto, "droid sans", cantarell, oxygen, ubuntu, "franklin gothic medium", "century gothic", "liberation sans", sans-serif; font-size: 10px; margin: 0px auto -20px; max-width: 1260px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; position: relative; z-index: 10;"><div class="nav__contain " style="-webkit-box-pack: justify; background: rgb(0, 0, 0); display: flex; justify-content: space-between; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 30px; padding-top: 20px;">
<div class="nav__wrap nav__wrap--desktop" style="-webkit-box-pack: end; display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; width: calc(100% - 160px);">
<div class="nav__mag" style="margin-top: -20px; position: relative;">
<span class="nav__mag__text" style="background: rgb(178, 42, 57); bottom: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: block; font-size: 1.1em; font-weight: 700; padding: 8px 3px; position: absolute; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase; transition: all 0.25s ease 0s; width: 114px;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</nav><main class="" id="main" style="color: white; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "avenir next", avenir, "segoe ui", "lucida grande", "helvetica neue", helvetica, "fira sans", roboto, noto, "droid sans", cantarell, oxygen, ubuntu, "franklin gothic medium", "century gothic", "liberation sans", sans-serif; font-size: 10px; margin-top: 20px; overflow-x: hidden; position: relative; z-index: 2;"><div class="article-detail --bg-white" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); padding: 55px 0px;">
<div class="wrap" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1260px; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 30px; position: relative;">
<article class="detail" style="color: #050607; margin: auto; max-width: 896px; min-height: 375px; position: relative;"><div class="detail__content" style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(150, 150, 150, 0.25); margin-bottom: 31px; padding-bottom: 46px;">
<div class="flfc" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
The MiG-29 Fulcrum was the first Russian fourth-generation jet fighter, marked by its sleek and deadly appearance in contrast to earlier Soviet fighters. The fast and agile Fulcrum could outturn any NATO fighter, and it was armed with cutting-edge missiles. But, alas, it was held back by its old-fashioned electronics, short service life and limited range.</div>
<div class="ad ad--center" style="background: 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;">
<div class="proper-ad-unit" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: auto; min-width: 550px; position: relative;">
<div data-google-query-id="CI2H9fa-uecCFUcXaAodsMYMgQ" id="proper-ad-nationalinterest_content_1" style="box-sizing: border-box !important; margin: auto; min-height: 90px; min-width: 300px; position: relative;">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
In a sense, the MiG-29 combined fourth generation engineering with third generation hardware. It’s relatively low price meant it initially attracted extensive sales to developing countries, but it would swiftly become overshadowed by the more modern Su-27. The Fulcrum will remain in service for some time, however, as recent upgraded versions partially redress some of its shortcomings.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
<span style="font-weight: 900;">Characteristics</span></div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
The MiG-29 began development in 1974, intended to be an advanced lightweight multirole fighter that would operate from primitive airfields at the frontlines of the Cold War, while smaller numbers of heavier Su-27s (also then in development) would handle longer-range missions. This paralleled the light–heavy force structure of F-16s and F-15s being developed for the U.S. Air Force.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
<br /></div>
<div class="ad ad--center" style="background: 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;">
<div class="OUTBRAIN" data-browser="chrome" data-dynload="" data-idx="0" data-ob-mark="true" data-ob-template="TheNationalInterest" data-os="win32" data-src="" data-widget-id="GS_4" id="outbrain_widget_0">
<div class="ob-widget ob-ultra-strip-layout GS_4" data-dynamic-truncate="true" style="box-sizing: content-box; clear: both; min-width: 0px; position: relative; width: auto;">
<div class="ob-widget-section ob-first" style="box-sizing: content-box;">
</div>
<div class="ob-pixels" style="box-sizing: content-box;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
The first MiG-29s became operational in 1982 and were codenamed “Fulcrums” by NATO—a name which caught on with some Russian pilots as well. The Fulcrum had a fearsome reputation in the West, and even got its own computer game. By the 1990s, Western pilots had ample opportunity to fly MiG-29s as the German Air Force incorporated the MiG-29s of East Germany. Later, the United States even bought twenty-one from Moldova.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
It was discovered that the Fulcrums <em>were</em> very hot rides—but they also had significant downsides.</div>
<div class="ad ad--center" style="background: 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;">
<div id="ld-12130885885741670-935" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; max-width: 1000px; min-width: 550px;">
</div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
The MiG-29’s twin RD-33 turbofan engines gave it excellent acceleration and a top speed of Mach 2.25—faster than the F-16 but a bit behind the larger F-15. The MiG-29’s chief claim to fame is its superb maneuverability—it can even outperform the light-footed F-16 in both instantaneous and sustained turns (twenty-eight degree per second versus twenty-six). NATO pilots that practiced against the German Air Force Fulcrums serving in JG 73 found that in short-range dogfights at low speeds the MiG-29 was more agile than anything they threw at it.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
Like the Su-27, the MiG-29 is <em>supermaneuverable</em>—it can execute maneuvers impossible with regular aerodynamic controls because of its excellent handling characteristics following a stall. It can also attain very high angles of attack.</div>
<div class="ad ad--center" style="background: 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;">
<div class="proper-ad-unit" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: auto; min-width: 550px; position: relative;">
<div data-google-query-id="CImujfm-uecCFQ6jaAodwUcFxA" id="proper-ad-nationalinterest_content_10" style="box-sizing: border-box !important; margin: auto; min-height: 90px; min-width: 300px; position: relative;">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="fitvid" style="height: 0px; padding-top: 504px; position: relative; width: 896px;">
<iframe allowfullscreen="" data-fitvid="56.25" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/y5VUO_OKRXk" style="height: 504px; left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 896px;" width="420"></iframe></div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
One other advantage of the MiG-29 was the short-range R-73 (NATO codename AA-11 Arrow) infrared-guided missile that could be aimed and fired through a helmet-mounted sight. Normally, a plane has to be pointed at an enemy fighter to target it—with the R-73, the pilot need only <em>look</em> at a target within sixty degrees of the frontal arc to shoot a missile at it! The U.S. Air Force did not acquire a similar capability until the AIM-9X entered service in 2003.</div>
<div class="ad ad--center" style="background: 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;">
<div id="ld-11037927505607526-823" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; max-width: 1000px; min-width: 550px;">
</div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
In addition to the R-73, the Fulcrum’s seven hardpoints can equip R-27 medium-range missiles, and older R-60 missiles. Some have also been upgraded to fire R-77 long-range air-to-air missiles. Up to eight thousand pounds of air-to-ground munitions can be carried—a significantly lighter load than peer fighter aircraft.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
Finally, the MiG-29 is designed to function while operating from unprepared airstrips (presumably captured by advancing Russian tank divisions!)—its air intakes are specially protected against debris.</div>
<div class="ad ad--center" style="background: 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;">
<div class="proper-ad-unit" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: auto; min-width: 550px; position: relative;">
<div data-google-query-id="CKTQlfy-uecCFReHaAodgysLCA" id="proper-ad-nationalinterest_content_3" style="box-sizing: border-box !important; margin: auto; min-height: 90px; min-width: 300px; position: relative;">
<div id="google_ads_iframe_/5376056/nationalinterest_content_3_0__container__" style="border: 0pt none; box-sizing: border-box !important;">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
However, intrinsic design limitations of the MiG-29 have prevented it from aging well.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
While aerodynamically outstanding, the MiG-29 did <em>not</em> feature modern pilot displays, controls and fly-by-wire avionics. Fulcrum pilots were required to stare down at their cockpit instruments far more than those of Western fighters with modern Head’s Up Displays, and the throttle was not integrated into the stick.</div>
<div class="ad ad--center" style="background: 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;">
<div class="proper-ad-unit" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: auto; min-width: 550px; position: relative;">
<div id="proper-ad-nationalinterest_content_4" style="box-sizing: border-box !important; margin: auto; position: relative;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
The MiG-29’s sensors were mediocre—its N019 Phazotron pulse-doppler radar had a shorter accurate range (thirty-eight miles) than the missiles the MiG-29 carried. Though equipped with an infrared sensor (IRST), pilots reported it to be of limited effectiveness.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
These limitations in part reflected Soviet doctrine in which pilots were intended to be closely directed by ground controllers, so their situation awareness was less of a priority. The lack of modern electronics was what ultimately led the German Air Force to retire its Fulcrums, despite being more agile than their F-4s and Tornados.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
Another major limitation is the MiG-29’s limited range of less than nine hundred miles on internal fuel and lack of inflight refueling ability—making it primarily useful as a defensive fighter, or one operating above frontline forces. While the Fulcrum may be a bargain for a less wealthy country worried about conflict on its borders, it has less appeal to air forces looking to project power over distance.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
Finally, like most Soviet-era fighters, while the MiG was designed to withstand rugged handling, it <em>wasn’t</em> intended to have a long service life—just two thousand five hundred hours compared to the six thousand that is typical of U.S. fighters. MiG-29 airframes deteriorated rapidly later in life, and have required extensive and expensive maintenance to keep flying. Malaysia once reported it spent $5 million per year per MiG-29 to keep them flyable.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
<span style="font-weight: 900;">Variants</span></div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
1,600 MiG-29s have been produced in all. Originally, the Fulcrum came in just a few variants: the standard single seat model and a two-seat trainer variant (MiG-29UB) without the radar. A downgraded version, the MiG-29B was exported abroad.</div>
<div class="ad ad--center" style="background: 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;">
<div class="proper-ad-unit" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: auto; min-width: 550px; position: relative;">
<div data-google-query-id="CKaRvvu-uecCFZSjaAod0BYPkg" id="proper-ad-nationalinterest_content_7" style="box-sizing: border-box !important; margin: auto; min-height: 90px; min-width: 300px; position: relative;">
<div id="google_ads_iframe_/5376056/nationalinterest_content_7_0__container__" style="border: 0pt none; box-sizing: border-box !important;">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
In the 1980s the upgraded MiG-29S appeared, featuring an active jamming system behind the cockpit (giving it a hunched back appearance), improved computers and software and modestly increased fuel and weapons load. Support for new R-27E and R-77 missiles was added.</div>
<div class="ad ad--center" style="background: 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;">
<div id="ld-9521689830966886-83" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; max-width: 1000px; min-width: 550px;">
</div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
In 1990, the next-generation MiG-29M (once known as the MiG-33) debuted, bringing the Fulcrum up to modern standards with fly-by-wire avionics. With a lighter airframe and more powerful smokeless engines (for lower visibility), the MiG-29M nonetheless appears to be slower (Mach 2 at high altitude) and has a lower service ceiling of fifty thousand feet, perhaps because its weighs an extra 1.25 tons. Internal fuel has been expanded for an improved range of over one thousand two hundred miles, a third drop tank can be carried, an inflight refueling probe is included. Two hardpoints are added, and the maximum payload is increased over 50 percent to twelve thousand pounds. Rounding out the package is an improved IRST system and an N010 Zhuk-ME pulse-doppler radar with a range of seventy-five miles against targets with a radar cross-section of five meters.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
The MiG-29M was not accepted into Russian service, but it is <a href="http://www.defensenews.com/story/defense/2016/02/19/report-50-mig-29s-headed-africa/80612466/" rel=" noopener noreferrer" style="color: #b22a39; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">believed</a> Egypt will receive fifty later this year in a $2 billion contract ($40 million each). Sales to Syria and Serbia are also possible.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
The Russian and Indian air forces have instead opted to use older Fulcrum airframes refitted to the MiG-29M’s standards, called the MiG-29SMT or the MiG-29UPG in Indian service. The SMT and UPG Fulcrums have their service life extended to four thousand hours, but weapons loads are not quite equal to the MiG-29M’s specifications. India’s upgrades cost roughly $13 million per airframe, and include foreign avionics.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
In 2008, Algeria <a href="https://warisboring.com/russias-fearsome-new-migs-could-be-lemons-3629dd50871c#.nzws3u6s8" rel=" noopener noreferrer" style="color: #b22a39; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">rejected</a> a batch of thirty-four SMTs as they used old airframes in poor condition rather than newly produced ones stipulated in the contract. The rejected airframes were then put into Russian service and sixteen new ones were ordered. Russia intends to maintain a fleet of sixty MiG-29SMTs.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
There are numerous Fulcrum variants tailored to the requirements of various air forces. The most notable is the MiG-29K, a navalized derivative of the MiG-29M operated both by the Russian Navy onboard the carrier<em> Admiral Kuznetsov</em>, and the Indian Naval Air Arm. The MiG-29K has folding wings, reinforced landing gear and an arrestor hook for carrier operations. The K also has upgraded pilot displays and radar-absorbent coatings to reduce its radar signature.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
<span style="font-weight: 900;">The (Painful) Track Record</span></div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
Few fighter planes have managed to be so beloved and yet boast such an unfavorable combat record as the MiG-29. Of course, this is in large part because the Fulcrum was usually fielded by less developed countries against Western opponents that were more numerous, better trained, and better organized.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
Setting the tune of things to come, in the Fulcrum’s first confirmed aerial combat, two Syrian MiG-29 were shot down by Israeli F-15s in 1989. There are reports Israeli fighters shot down another two Syrian MiG-29s in 2001.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
During the Gulf War, five Iraqi MiG-29s were shot down by American F-15s. However, a Fulcrum did successfully hit an F-111 and a B-52 bomber with missiles, though both aircraft managed to return to base.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: inherit; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
Fulcrums also took a beating in the Ethiopian–Eritrean border conflict of the late 1990s, which featured more evenly matched opponents. Russian mercenaries flew alongside Ethiopian pilots, while Ukrainians supported the Eritrean Air Force. In all, four Eritrean MiG-29s were shot down by Ethiopian Su-27s. In exchange, the Eritrean Fulcrums shot down a Su-25, a MiG-21 and an unidentified fighter (possibly a MiG-23). Over multiple engagements, Flankers and Fulcrums exchanged over two-dozen R-27 missiles at long range for only a single hit. Instead, most of the victories were scored in short-range dogfights using AA-11 missiles.</div>
</div>
</article></div>
</div>
</main></div>
ROHANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12815829645739278100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4761004177717890081.post-42220489369775522122020-02-02T20:38:00.002-08:002020-02-02T20:38:06.947-08:00F22 VS F35<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; color: #050607; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
The answer is that the F-35 cannot match the F-22 as an air superiority fighter—it was never designed as such. The U.S. Air Force’s original plan was for the F-22 to be its high-end air superiority fighter while the F-35 was designed to be primarily an air-to-ground strike aircraft, but one which could defend itself. Thus, while the Raptor was designed with a very high degree of stealth, exceptional kinematic performance and extreme maneuverability, the JSF was designed to be stealthy, networked and have exceptional sensors, but with aerodynamic performance only comparable to a F-16 Fighting Falcon or F/A-18 Hornet. Thus, the aircraft are designed to be complementary to each other.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; color: #050607; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
However, the Air Force did not get its way. Former U.S. Defense Secretaries Donald Rumsfeld and Robert Gates—neither of whom foresaw the rise of great power challengers to the United States—discounted the need for air superiority, and as a result, truncated the F-22 buy at 187 aircraft. That is less than half the fleet sized the Air Force’s analysis and stated requirements called for. Indeed, most studies at the time showed that a minimum of 381 Raptors were needed to ensure American air superiority.</div>
<div class="ad ad--center" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); color: #050607; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "avenir next", avenir, "segoe ui", "lucida grande", "helvetica neue", helvetica, "fira sans", roboto, noto, "droid sans", cantarell, oxygen, ubuntu, "franklin gothic medium", "century gothic", "liberation sans", sans-serif; font-size: 10px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;">
<div class="proper-ad-unit" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: auto; min-width: 550px; position: relative;">
<div data-google-query-id="CMKUt9fHtOcCFcUwtwAd6usK3g" id="proper-ad-nationalinterest_content_10" style="box-sizing: border-box !important; margin: auto; min-height: 90px; min-width: 300px; position: relative;">
<div id="google_ads_iframe_/5376056/nationalinterest_content_10_0__container__" style="border: 0pt none; box-sizing: border-box !important; padding-top: 0px;">
<iframe __idm_frm__="145" data-google-container-id="4" data-load-complete="true" frameborder="0" height="250" id="google_ads_iframe_/5376056/nationalinterest_content_10_0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" name="google_ads_iframe_/5376056/nationalinterest_content_10_0" scrolling="no" style="border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; vertical-align: bottom;" title="3rd party ad content" width="300"></iframe></div>
</div>
<a class="call-modal report-ad" data-aid="proper-ad-nationalinterest_content_10" href="https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/f-22-vs-f-35-which-stealth-fighter-wins-shootout-41652#report-ad" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box !important; color: rgb(153, 153, 153) !important; cursor: pointer; display: block !important; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif; font-size: 12px; left: 0px; line-height: 23px; position: relative !important; right: 0px; text-decoration-line: none !important; white-space: nowrap;">Report Advertisement</a></div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; color: #050607; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
With only 187 aircraft produced, the Air Force had to adapt. The service cut down on the number of primary authorized aircraft per squadron and skimped on the backup aircraft inventory, training and test plane fleets. Instead of having 10 squadrons of 24 aircraft plus two backup jets, the Air Force has 21 aircraft plus two backup jets in six operational squadrons while test and training assets have been cut to the bone. In fact, the Air Force’s elite Weapons School and its operational test units at Nellis Air Force Base in Nevada have to share about a dozen F-22s between them because there are not enough planes to equip those critical units.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; color: #050607; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
The shortage forced the Air Force to innovate. The service’s operational testers and Weapons School instructors—as well as frontline fighter pilots—devised ways so the F-22 could work together with conventional fourth generation fighters like F-15 so that the two types of jets could work together as an effective team. The combination of the F-22 with fourth generation jets made all the aircraft flying more effective by allowing all of the aircraft involved to best use their strengths. The F-22 brings stealth, situational awareness and sheer performance to the fight while the F-15C brings a massive load out of missiles combined with a incredibly powerful radar.</div>
<div class="ad ad--center" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); color: #050607; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "avenir next", avenir, "segoe ui", "lucida grande", "helvetica neue", helvetica, "fira sans", roboto, noto, "droid sans", cantarell, oxygen, ubuntu, "franklin gothic medium", "century gothic", "liberation sans", sans-serif; font-size: 10px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;">
<div id="ld-11037927505607526-823" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; max-width: 1000px; min-width: 550px;">
</div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; color: #050607; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
But with the F-15C likely being retired in the coming years, the F-35 will have to step up. The Air Force expects that the F-35, with its stealth and sensors, will be able to fill the gaps between flights of F-22s during a large-scale engagement. The F-35 does not have the sheer speed and altitude of the Raptor, but it does have excellent sensors and stealth, which does afford its decent capability against non-stealthy aircraft. The Air Force is planning on installing Link-16 onto its Raptor fleet to enable machine-to-machine communications between the F-22 and F-35, though the original plan had been to use the JSF Multifunction Advanced Datalink.</div>
<div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; color: #050607; font-family: merriweather, serif; font-size: 2em; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 2em;">
Ultimately, the Air Force does need a new air superiority fighter—particularly for the Pacific theater. The service is currently studying a new extremely long-range Penetrating Counter-Air (PCA) fighter that would replace the F-22 and F-15C as America’s primary air superiority aircraft. However, it is likely that the F-22, F-35 and PCA will all serve together in the coming decades. But at the end of the day, the F-35 is no F-22 substitute.</div>
</div>
ROHANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12815829645739278100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4761004177717890081.post-75931625217134609392020-01-31T18:19:00.000-08:002020-01-31T18:19:04.533-08:00FACTS ABOUT B2 BOMBER<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lato, sans-serif; font-size: 3rem; line-height: 3.6rem; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Each B-2 Spirit Has Its Own Personality</h2>
<figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_5052" netseer-processed="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; margin-top: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1024px;"><div class="caption-image-box" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">
<img alt="B-2 Spirit Stealth Bomber" class="wp-image-5052 size-large" height="768" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" src="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B-2-Stealth-Bomber-1024x768-1024x768.jpg" srcset="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B-2-Stealth-Bomber-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B-2-Stealth-Bomber-1024x768-300x225.jpg 300w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B-2-Stealth-Bomber-1024x768-768x576.jpg 768w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B-2-Stealth-Bomber-1024x768-632x474.jpg 632w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B-2-Stealth-Bomber-1024x768-536x402.jpg 536w" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;" width="1024" /><div class="militarymachine-image-alt-wrapper" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 20px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 55%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 20px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 465.025px;">
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-container" style="background: rgba(41, 41, 41, 0.8); border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 2rem; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 20px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-align: left; transform: translate(75px, 75px); transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: hidden; width: 465.025px; z-index: 10;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-icon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 30px; margin: 0px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">
<svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-camera fa-w-16" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="camera" data-prefix="fa" role="img" viewbox="0 0 512 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M512 144v288c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V144c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h88l12.3-32.9c7-18.7 24.9-31.1 44.9-31.1h125.5c20 0 37.9 12.4 44.9 31.1L376 96h88c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48zM376 288c0-66.2-53.8-120-120-120s-120 53.8-120 120 53.8 120 120 120 120-53.8 120-120zm-32 0c0 48.5-39.5 88-88 88s-88-39.5-88-88 39.5-88 88-88 88 39.5 88 88z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div>
</div>
</div>
<figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #757575; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 5px 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">US Air Force</figcaption></figure><div banner_id="bnr0.31305391573766705" class="netseer_inpage_placement_container" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; height: 90px; margin: 0px auto; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 744px;">
</div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
With only 21 <a href="https://militarymachine.com/b-2-spirit/" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 300ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">B-2 Spirits</a> produced, the air crews that work on them get to know individual aircraft very well. As it turns out, this highly complex <a href="https://militarymachine.com/aircraft/" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 300ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">aircraft</a> is a colorful bird. Each individual B-2 Spirit has its own distinct personality, and its own unique maintenance needs. This comes as a surprise when one considers the precision engineering and the uniform use and maintenance needs. This leads to some colorful moments. Interestingly enough the pilots tend to view the aircraft as uniform, avoiding personal favorites.<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><iframe __idm_frm__="352" class="teads-resize" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; box-sizing: inherit; display: block !important; height: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: 0px !important; outline: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;"></iframe></div>
<div class="code-block code-block-center code-block-4 ai-viewport-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 8px auto; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="ai-attributes" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="code-block-label" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #d9d9d9; font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5855139335735739" data-ad-slot="5180705530" data-adsbygoogle-status="done" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: black; display: inline-block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; max-width: 970px; min-width: 300px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;"><ins id="aswift_2_expand" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-table; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><ins id="aswift_2_anchor" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><iframe __idm_frm__="354" allowfullscreen="true" allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" height="90" hspace="0" id="aswift_2" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" name="aswift_2" scrolling="no" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; height: 90px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" vspace="0" width="846"></iframe></ins></ins></ins></div>
</div>
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lato, sans-serif; font-size: 3rem; line-height: 3.6rem; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
The B-2 Has Indefinite Range And Flight Time</h2>
<figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_3657" netseer-processed="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; margin-top: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1300px;"><div class="caption-image-box" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">
<img alt="B-2 Spirit Aircraft refuel In air" class="size-full wp-image-3657" height="865" sizes="(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px" src="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-refuel-In-air.jpg" srcset="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-refuel-In-air.jpg 1300w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-refuel-In-air-300x200.jpg 300w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-refuel-In-air-768x511.jpg 768w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-refuel-In-air-1024x681.jpg 1024w" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;" width="1300" /><div class="militarymachine-image-alt-wrapper" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 20px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 55%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 20px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 465.025px;">
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-container" style="background: rgba(41, 41, 41, 0.8); border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 2rem; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 20px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-align: left; transform: translate(75px, 75px); transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: hidden; width: 465.025px; z-index: 10;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-icon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 30px; margin: 0px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">
<svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-camera fa-w-16" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="camera" data-prefix="fa" role="img" viewbox="0 0 512 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M512 144v288c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V144c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h88l12.3-32.9c7-18.7 24.9-31.1 44.9-31.1h125.5c20 0 37.9 12.4 44.9 31.1L376 96h88c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48zM376 288c0-66.2-53.8-120-120-120s-120 53.8-120 120 53.8 120 120 120 120-53.8 120-120zm-32 0c0 48.5-39.5 88-88 88s-88-39.5-88-88 39.5-88 88-88 88 39.5 88 88z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div>
</div>
</div>
<figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #757575; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 5px 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Senior Airman Keith James, U.S. Air Force</figcaption></figure><div banner_id="bnr0.3651839153832206" class="netseer_inpage_placement_container" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; height: 90px; margin: 0px auto; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 744px;">
</div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Bombers are almost always designed with range in mind, but the unique design of the B-2 Spirit lends itself to extreme long range operations. Without refuel, the B-2 Spirit has a range of over 6,000 miles. However with refuel, that range can be extended nearly indefinitely. As it stands, from its three principle bases, the B-2 Spirit can reach any inhabited point on the planet with minimal support. This gives the <a href="https://militarymachine.com/tag/us-air-force/" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 300ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">US Air Force</a> an unrivaled ability to deliver a payload—conventional or nuclear—to any point the mission might require.</div>
<div class="code-block code-block-center code-block-4 ai-viewport-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 8px auto; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="ai-attributes" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="code-block-label" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #d9d9d9; font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5855139335735739" data-ad-slot="5180705530" data-adsbygoogle-status="done" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: black; display: inline-block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; max-width: 970px; min-width: 300px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;"><ins id="aswift_13_expand" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-table; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><ins id="aswift_13_anchor" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><iframe __idm_frm__="355" allowfullscreen="true" allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" height="90" hspace="0" id="aswift_13" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" name="aswift_13" scrolling="no" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; height: 90px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" vspace="0" width="846"></iframe></ins></ins></ins></div>
</div>
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lato, sans-serif; font-size: 3rem; line-height: 3.6rem; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
The Anti-Radar Design Relies On A Complex Mix Of Materials</h2>
<figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_5056" netseer-processed="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; margin-top: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1024px;"><div class="caption-image-box" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">
<img alt="B-2 Spirit on Runway" class="wp-image-5056 size-large" height="768" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" src="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritRunway-1024x768.jpeg" srcset="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritRunway.jpeg 1024w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritRunway-300x225.jpeg 300w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritRunway-768x576.jpeg 768w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritRunway-632x474.jpeg 632w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritRunway-536x402.jpeg 536w" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;" width="1024" /><div class="militarymachine-image-alt-wrapper" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 20px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 55%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 20px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 465.025px;">
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-container" style="background: rgba(41, 41, 41, 0.8); border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 2rem; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 20px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-align: left; transform: translate(75px, 75px); transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: hidden; width: 465.025px; z-index: 10;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-icon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 30px; margin: 0px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">
<svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-camera fa-w-16" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="camera" data-prefix="fa" role="img" viewbox="0 0 512 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M512 144v288c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V144c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h88l12.3-32.9c7-18.7 24.9-31.1 44.9-31.1h125.5c20 0 37.9 12.4 44.9 31.1L376 96h88c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48zM376 288c0-66.2-53.8-120-120-120s-120 53.8-120 120 53.8 120 120 120 120-53.8 120-120zm-32 0c0 48.5-39.5 88-88 88s-88-39.5-88-88 39.5-88 88-88 88 39.5 88 88z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div>
</div>
</div>
<figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #757575; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 5px 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">US Air Force</figcaption></figure><div banner_id="bnr0.5600551130746967" class="netseer_inpage_placement_container" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; height: 90px; margin: 0px auto; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 744px;">
</div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://militarymachine.com/tag/stealth/" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 300ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">Stealth aircraft</a> rely on a lot of things: proper shape and profile, electronic countermeasures, the training of the pilots and crew. However, the material component of the stealth factor is often overlooked. With very little sheet metal in the skin of the aircraft, the B-2 relies on a mix of over 200 chemicals, sheets of composite material, and high tech paints. Any gaps are filled with an expansive foam made from a classified formula. The exact composition is a carefully guarded secret, and one that changes frequently.</div>
<div class="code-block code-block-center code-block-4 ai-viewport-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 8px auto; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="ai-attributes" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="code-block-label" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #d9d9d9; font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5855139335735739" data-ad-slot="5180705530" data-adsbygoogle-status="done" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: black; display: inline-block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; max-width: 970px; min-width: 300px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;"><ins id="aswift_14_expand" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-table; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><ins id="aswift_14_anchor" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><iframe __idm_frm__="356" allowfullscreen="true" allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" height="90" hspace="0" id="aswift_14" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" name="aswift_14" scrolling="no" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; height: 90px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" vspace="0" width="846"></iframe></ins></ins></ins></div>
</div>
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lato, sans-serif; font-size: 3rem; line-height: 3.6rem; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
The B-2 Is In An Arms Race With Enemy Radar</h2>
<figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_5058" netseer-processed="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; margin-top: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1024px;"><div class="caption-image-box" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">
<img alt="B-2 Spirit Stealth Bomber" class="wp-image-5058 size-large" height="683" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" src="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/b-2-spirit_008-1024x683.jpg" srcset="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/b-2-spirit_008-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/b-2-spirit_008-300x200.jpg 300w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/b-2-spirit_008-768x512.jpg 768w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/b-2-spirit_008.jpg 1200w" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;" width="1024" /><div class="militarymachine-image-alt-wrapper" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 20px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 55%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 20px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 465.025px;">
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-container" style="background: rgba(41, 41, 41, 0.8); border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 2rem; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 20px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-align: left; transform: translate(75px, 75px); transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: hidden; width: 465.025px; z-index: 10;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-icon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 30px; margin: 0px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">
<svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-camera fa-w-16" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="camera" data-prefix="fa" role="img" viewbox="0 0 512 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M512 144v288c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V144c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h88l12.3-32.9c7-18.7 24.9-31.1 44.9-31.1h125.5c20 0 37.9 12.4 44.9 31.1L376 96h88c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48zM376 288c0-66.2-53.8-120-120-120s-120 53.8-120 120 53.8 120 120 120 120-53.8 120-120zm-32 0c0 48.5-39.5 88-88 88s-88-39.5-88-88 39.5-88 88-88 88 39.5 88 88z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div>
</div>
</div>
<figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #757575; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 5px 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Northrop Grumman</figcaption></figure><div banner_id="bnr0.2701290750971912" class="netseer_inpage_placement_container" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; height: 90px; margin: 0px auto; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 744px;">
</div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
The world of military aviation is constantly evolving, and some of the world’s emerging powers, including China and Russia, are on a quest to develop their own stealth aircraft. Likewise, they constantly seek to negate the US’s advantage in stealth technology. As their abilities develop, US intelligence gathers more information about what they’re up to. That data is then fed to maintenance crews working on the B-2 Spirit. Those crews in turn adapt the material composition of the B-2’s anti-stealth coating to counter enemy capabilities. It’s an ongoing mission, one that will likely last the lifespan of the B-2 Spirit.</div>
<div class="code-block code-block-center code-block-4 ai-viewport-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 8px auto; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="ai-attributes" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="code-block-label" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #d9d9d9; font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5855139335735739" data-ad-slot="5180705530" data-adsbygoogle-status="done" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: black; display: inline-block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; max-width: 970px; min-width: 300px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;"><ins id="aswift_15_expand" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-table; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><ins id="aswift_15_anchor" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><iframe __idm_frm__="357" allowfullscreen="true" allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" height="90" hspace="0" id="aswift_15" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" name="aswift_15" scrolling="no" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; height: 90px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" vspace="0" width="846"></iframe></ins></ins></ins></div>
</div>
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lato, sans-serif; font-size: 3rem; line-height: 3.6rem; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
The B-2 Is Prone To Odd Accidents</h2>
<figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_3651" netseer-processed="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; margin-top: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1300px;"><div class="caption-image-box" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">
<img alt="B-2 Spirit Aircraft inspections" class="size-full wp-image-3651" height="868" sizes="(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px" src="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-inspections-.jpg" srcset="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-inspections-.jpg 1300w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-inspections--300x200.jpg 300w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-inspections--768x513.jpg 768w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-inspections--1024x684.jpg 1024w" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;" width="1300" /><div class="militarymachine-image-alt-wrapper" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 20px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 55%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 20px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 465.025px;">
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-container" style="background: rgba(41, 41, 41, 0.8); border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 2rem; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 20px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-align: left; transform: translate(75px, 75px); transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: hidden; width: 465.025px; z-index: 10;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-icon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 30px; margin: 0px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">
<svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-camera fa-w-16" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="camera" data-prefix="fa" role="img" viewbox="0 0 512 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M512 144v288c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V144c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h88l12.3-32.9c7-18.7 24.9-31.1 44.9-31.1h125.5c20 0 37.9 12.4 44.9 31.1L376 96h88c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48zM376 288c0-66.2-53.8-120-120-120s-120 53.8-120 120 53.8 120 120 120 120-53.8 120-120zm-32 0c0 48.5-39.5 88-88 88s-88-39.5-88-88 39.5-88 88-88 88 39.5 88 88z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div>
</div>
</div>
<figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #757575; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 5px 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Airman 1st Class Jazmin Smith, U.S. Air Force</figcaption></figure><div banner_id="bnr0.26988468434369817" class="netseer_inpage_placement_container" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; height: 90px; margin: 0px auto; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 744px;">
</div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Most military aircraft are difficult to fly. And the more advanced the aircraft, the trickier they are to keep in the air. And while US pilots train hard, accidents do happen. In keeping with the B-2’s unique design and mission, it has had a unique set of accidents. In 2008, the <i style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Spirit of Kansas </i>crashed during a routine takeoff from Andersen Air Force Base in Guam. The crew ejected safely, but the aircraft was nearly destroyed. After a strenuous investigation, the US Air Force found that a freak instance of moisture buildup was to blame. With a little redesign, the B-2 fleet quickly returned to duty.</div>
<div class="code-block code-block-center code-block-4 ai-viewport-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 8px auto; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="ai-attributes" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="code-block-label" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #d9d9d9; font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5855139335735739" data-ad-slot="5180705530" data-adsbygoogle-status="done" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: black; display: inline-block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; max-width: 970px; min-width: 300px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;"><ins id="aswift_16_expand" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-table; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><ins id="aswift_16_anchor" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><iframe __idm_frm__="358" allowfullscreen="true" allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" height="90" hspace="0" id="aswift_16" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" name="aswift_16" scrolling="no" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; height: 90px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" vspace="0" width="846"></iframe></ins></ins></ins></div>
</div>
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lato, sans-serif; font-size: 3rem; line-height: 3.6rem; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
A B-2 Mission Caused A Diplomatic Incident</h2>
<figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_5060" netseer-processed="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; margin-top: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1024px;"><div class="caption-image-box" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">
<img alt="B-2 Spirit Landing" class="wp-image-5060 size-large" height="685" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" src="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritLanding-1024x685.jpeg" srcset="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritLanding.jpeg 1024w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritLanding-300x201.jpeg 300w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritLanding-768x514.jpeg 768w" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;" width="1024" /><div class="militarymachine-image-alt-wrapper" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 20px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 55%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 20px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 465.025px;">
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-container" style="background: rgba(41, 41, 41, 0.8); border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 2rem; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 20px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-align: left; transform: translate(75px, 75px); transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: hidden; width: 465.025px; z-index: 10;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-icon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 30px; margin: 0px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">
<svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-camera fa-w-16" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="camera" data-prefix="fa" role="img" viewbox="0 0 512 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M512 144v288c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V144c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h88l12.3-32.9c7-18.7 24.9-31.1 44.9-31.1h125.5c20 0 37.9 12.4 44.9 31.1L376 96h88c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48zM376 288c0-66.2-53.8-120-120-120s-120 53.8-120 120 53.8 120 120 120 120-53.8 120-120zm-32 0c0 48.5-39.5 88-88 88s-88-39.5-88-88 39.5-88 88-88 88 39.5 88 88z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div>
</div>
</div>
<figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #757575; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 5px 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Andersen Air Force Base, Guam</figcaption></figure><div banner_id="bnr0.4896437722740272" class="netseer_inpage_placement_container" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; height: 90px; margin: 0px auto; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 744px;">
</div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
A complex series of intelligence failures and miscommunication lead to an international incident resulting from a B-2 Spirit mission – one of the crazier B-2 bomber facts. During a bombing run over Kosovo, a B-2 Spirit accidentally bombed the Chinese Embassy. Several staff members were killed, and the incident became a major diplomatic incident between the US and China. This, for good or ill, put a lot of focus on US stealth capabilities and the B-2 Spirit in particular.</div>
<div class="code-block code-block-center code-block-4 ai-viewport-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 8px auto; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="ai-attributes" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="code-block-label" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #d9d9d9; font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5855139335735739" data-ad-slot="5180705530" data-adsbygoogle-status="done" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: black; display: inline-block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; max-width: 970px; min-width: 300px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;"><ins id="aswift_17_expand" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-table; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><ins id="aswift_17_anchor" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><iframe __idm_frm__="359" allowfullscreen="true" allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" height="90" hspace="0" id="aswift_17" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" name="aswift_17" scrolling="no" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; height: 90px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" vspace="0" width="846"></iframe></ins></ins></ins></div>
</div>
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lato, sans-serif; font-size: 3rem; line-height: 3.6rem; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Handling Nuclear Weapons Is Tricky</h2>
<figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_5076" netseer-processed="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; margin-top: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1024px;"><div class="caption-image-box" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">
<img alt="A B-2 Spirit in Australia for training" class="size-large wp-image-5076" height="656" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" src="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/AusMODB2Spirit-1024x656.jpeg" srcset="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/AusMODB2Spirit-1024x656.jpeg 1024w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/AusMODB2Spirit-300x192.jpeg 300w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/AusMODB2Spirit-768x492.jpeg 768w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/AusMODB2Spirit.jpeg 1200w" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;" width="1024" /><div class="militarymachine-image-alt-wrapper" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 20px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 55%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 20px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 465.025px;">
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-container" style="background: rgba(41, 41, 41, 0.8); border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 2rem; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 20px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-align: left; transform: translate(75px, 75px); transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: hidden; width: 465.025px; z-index: 10;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-icon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 30px; margin: 0px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">
<svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-camera fa-w-16" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="camera" data-prefix="fa" role="img" viewbox="0 0 512 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M512 144v288c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V144c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h88l12.3-32.9c7-18.7 24.9-31.1 44.9-31.1h125.5c20 0 37.9 12.4 44.9 31.1L376 96h88c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48zM376 288c0-66.2-53.8-120-120-120s-120 53.8-120 120 53.8 120 120 120 120-53.8 120-120zm-32 0c0 48.5-39.5 88-88 88s-88-39.5-88-88 39.5-88 88-88 88 39.5 88 88z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div>
</div>
</div>
<figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #757575; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 5px 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Australian Ministry of Defense</figcaption></figure><div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
The nature of the US nuclear weapons stockpile has changed over the years, and the organization of the B-2 Spirit fleet along with it. Following a string of incidents in which nuclear weapons were mishandled, the US Air Force launched a comprehensive organizational overhaul in 2012. This included reassigning the B-2 Spirit fleet to the control of the newly formed Global Strike Command, the central authority managing US nuclear weapons. While this had little effect on day to day operations, it made for vast changes in the way the B-2 Spirit was deployed around the globe.</div>
<div class="code-block code-block-center code-block-4 ai-viewport-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 8px auto; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="ai-attributes" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="code-block-label" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #d9d9d9; font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="code-block-label" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #d9d9d9; font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lato, sans-serif; font-size: 3rem; line-height: 3.6rem; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
The B-2 Spirit’s Design Is An Optical Illusion</h2>
<figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_5063" netseer-processed="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; margin-top: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1024px;"><div class="caption-image-box" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">
<img alt="B-2 Spirit in Profile" class="wp-image-5063 size-large" height="794" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" src="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritIllusion-1024x794.png" srcset="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritIllusion.png 1024w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritIllusion-300x233.png 300w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritIllusion-768x596.png 768w" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;" width="1024" /><div class="militarymachine-image-alt-wrapper" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 20px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 55%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 20px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 465.025px;">
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-container" style="background: rgba(41, 41, 41, 0.8); border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 2rem; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 20px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-align: left; transform: translate(75px, 75px); transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: hidden; width: 465.025px; z-index: 10;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-icon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 30px; margin: 0px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">
<svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-camera fa-w-16" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="camera" data-prefix="fa" role="img" viewbox="0 0 512 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M512 144v288c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V144c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h88l12.3-32.9c7-18.7 24.9-31.1 44.9-31.1h125.5c20 0 37.9 12.4 44.9 31.1L376 96h88c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48zM376 288c0-66.2-53.8-120-120-120s-120 53.8-120 120 53.8 120 120 120 120-53.8 120-120zm-32 0c0 48.5-39.5 88-88 88s-88-39.5-88-88 39.5-88 88-88 88 39.5 88 88z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div>
</div>
</div>
<figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #757575; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 5px 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">US Air Force</figcaption></figure><div banner_id="bnr0.07632275769697139" class="netseer_inpage_placement_container" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; height: 90px; margin: 0px auto; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 744px;">
</div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
While the focus of the B-2 Spirit’s design is to fool radar, it also works to fool the human eye. The B-2 Spirit is indeed a flying optical illusion. Viewed from one angle, and the aircraft is a thin line—a ‘flying wing’, as the design is called. Viewed from a slightly different angle, and the whole thing becomes a bulbous flying torpedo. This makes the B-2 difficult to spot in the skies, and potentially difficult to identify. As its missions are most often classified, the ability to disappear or distort visually gives the B-2 Spirit a hefty advantage over its competition.</div>
<div class="code-block code-block-center code-block-4 ai-viewport-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 8px auto; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="ai-attributes" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="code-block-label" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #d9d9d9; font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5855139335735739" data-ad-slot="5180705530" data-adsbygoogle-status="done" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: black; display: inline-block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; max-width: 970px; min-width: 300px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;"><ins id="aswift_19_expand" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-table; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><ins id="aswift_19_anchor" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><iframe __idm_frm__="361" allowfullscreen="true" allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" height="90" hspace="0" id="aswift_19" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" name="aswift_19" scrolling="no" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; height: 90px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" vspace="0" width="846"></iframe></ins></ins></ins></div>
</div>
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lato, sans-serif; font-size: 3rem; line-height: 3.6rem; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
There’s A “Haunted” B-2 Spirit</h2>
<figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_3648" netseer-processed="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; margin-top: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1300px;"><div class="caption-image-box" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">
<img alt="B-2 Spirit Aircraft Bird bath" class="size-full wp-image-3648" height="868" sizes="(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px" src="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-Bird-bath.jpg" srcset="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-Bird-bath.jpg 1300w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-Bird-bath-300x200.jpg 300w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-Bird-bath-768x513.jpg 768w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/B-2-Spirit-Aircraft-Bird-bath-1024x684.jpg 1024w" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;" width="1300" /><div class="militarymachine-image-alt-wrapper" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 20px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 55%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 20px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 465.025px;">
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-container" style="background: rgba(41, 41, 41, 0.8); border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 2rem; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 20px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-align: left; transform: translate(75px, 75px); transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: hidden; width: 465.025px; z-index: 10;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-icon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 30px; margin: 0px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">
<svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-camera fa-w-16" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="camera" data-prefix="fa" role="img" viewbox="0 0 512 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M512 144v288c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V144c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h88l12.3-32.9c7-18.7 24.9-31.1 44.9-31.1h125.5c20 0 37.9 12.4 44.9 31.1L376 96h88c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48zM376 288c0-66.2-53.8-120-120-120s-120 53.8-120 120 53.8 120 120 120 120-53.8 120-120zm-32 0c0 48.5-39.5 88-88 88s-88-39.5-88-88 39.5-88 88-88 88 39.5 88 88z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div>
</div>
</div>
<figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #757575; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 5px 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Airman 1st Class Jazmin Smith, U.S. Air Force</figcaption></figure><div banner_id="bnr0.4508919388377963" class="netseer_inpage_placement_container" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; height: 90px; margin: 0px auto; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 744px;">
</div>
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
This is one of the coolest B-2 Bomber facts. Maybe the name offered a little foreshadowing, but legend has it that there is a haunted B-2 Spirit. According to maintenance crews, a B-2 Spirit stationed at a US Air Force base in Guam offered a moment straight out of a horror film. With no one behind the controls, the aircraft—named <i style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Spirit of Kitty Hawk—</i>turned its engines on by itself. The aircraft in question earned the nickname “Christine” after the haunted car in Stephen King’s eponymous novel. Whether or not this story is true is the subject of some debate. Nevertheless, the tale has become part of the B-2 Spirit’s legend, and is held as the truth by folks who work on or fly the <i style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Kitty Hawk.</i></div>
<div class="code-block code-block-center code-block-4 ai-viewport-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 8px auto; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="ai-attributes" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="code-block-label" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #d9d9d9; font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5855139335735739" data-ad-slot="5180705530" data-adsbygoogle-status="done" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: black; display: inline-block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; max-width: 970px; min-width: 300px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;"><ins id="aswift_20_expand" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-table; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><ins id="aswift_20_anchor" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: 90px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 846px;"><iframe __idm_frm__="362" allowfullscreen="true" allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" height="90" hspace="0" id="aswift_20" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" name="aswift_20" scrolling="no" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; height: 90px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" vspace="0" width="846"></iframe></ins></ins></ins></div>
</div>
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lato, sans-serif; font-size: 3rem; line-height: 3.6rem; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Northrop Grumman Adopted The Motto “A Miracle A Day” During B-2 Development</h2>
<figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_5064" netseer-processed="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; margin-top: 0px !important; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1024px;"><div class="caption-image-box" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">
<img alt="B-2 Spirit Over The Pacific B-2 Bomber Facts" class="wp-image-5064 size-large" height="768" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" src="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritGrumman-1024x768.jpg" srcset="https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritGrumman.jpg 1024w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritGrumman-300x225.jpg 300w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritGrumman-768x576.jpg 768w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritGrumman-632x474.jpg 632w, https://militarymachine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/B2SpiritGrumman-536x402.jpg 536w" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: none; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 845.5px;" width="1024" /><div class="militarymachine-image-alt-wrapper" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 20px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 55%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 20px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 465.025px;">
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-container" style="background: rgba(41, 41, 41, 0.8); border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 2rem; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 20px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-align: left; transform: translate(75px, 75px); transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: hidden; width: 465.025px; z-index: 10;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div class="militarymachine-image-alt-icon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: white; font-size: 30px; margin: 0px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; transition: all 500ms ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">
<svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-camera fa-w-16" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="camera" data-prefix="fa" role="img" viewbox="0 0 512 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M512 144v288c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V144c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h88l12.3-32.9c7-18.7 24.9-31.1 44.9-31.1h125.5c20 0 37.9 12.4 44.9 31.1L376 96h88c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48zM376 288c0-66.2-53.8-120-120-120s-120 53.8-120 120 53.8 120 120 120 120-53.8 120-120zm-32 0c0 48.5-39.5 88-88 88s-88-39.5-88-88 39.5-88 88-88 88 39.5 88 88z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div>
</div>
</div>
<figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #757575; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 5px 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Northrop Grumman</figcaption></figure><div banner_id="bnr0.20556721445408543" class="netseer_inpage_placement_container" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 18px; height: 90px; margin: 0px auto; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 744px;">
</div>
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" wrap="true"></span><span style="color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px;"></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" wrap="true"></span><span style="color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px;"></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" wrap="true"></span><span style="color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px;"></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" wrap="true"></span><span style="color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px;"></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" wrap="true"></span><span style="color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px;"></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" wrap="true"></span><span style="color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px;"></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" wrap="true"></span><span style="color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px;"></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" wrap="true"></span><span style="color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px;"></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" wrap="true"></span><span style="color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px;"></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 846px;" wrap="true"></span><span style="color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px;"></span><br />
<div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #434343; font-family: lora, serif; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
The B-2 Spirit’s stealth needs and unique mission meant that the airframe and the engineering behind it had to go above and beyond. The designers and engineers at Northrop-Grumman had a motto that they adopted while working on the B-2: “A miracle a day”. And they delivered, from engineering tolerances that were far tighter than those found on any other aircraft, to developing materials that were well ahead of state of the art. Everything about the B-2 bordered on the miraculous, and continues to do so.</div>
</div>
ROHANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12815829645739278100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4761004177717890081.post-75188368118773632682020-01-29T18:05:00.000-08:002020-01-29T18:05:28.734-08:00SR-71 BLACKBIRD<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
Faster than a speeding bullet, the retired SR-71 Blackbird can still turn heads as a Cold War spy plane designed for flying high and fast beyond danger. The ultimate flying speed demon not only served the U.S. military's needs for decades, but also shattered speed and altitude records for manned air-breathing jet aircraft.</div>
<aside class="hawk-widget" data-render-type="fte" data-widget-type="seasonal" style="--amazon-orange: #ffce00; --amazon-prime-day-blue: #70b7d9; --black: #000; --cc-border-color: var(--light-mid-grey); --checkbox-color: #c1c1c1; --comparison-load-more-background-color: #262626; --countdown-in-progress-color: var(--trd-pink); --dark-grey: #545454; --description-hover-background: #cac7c7; --dotw-header-background: transparent; --dotw-header-border-bottom: 4px solid #006ea9; --dotw-header-border-top: 1px solid #ddd; --dotw-header-text-color: var(--black); --dotw-search-input-border-color: #ddd; --dotw-toggle-background-color: #1b1b1b; --editors-pick-background-color: #ededed; --editors-pick-promo-color: var(--trd-blue); --editors-pick-promo-rgba-color: rgba(47,110,145,0.3); --editors-pick-voucher-background-color: #e6248a; --error-red: #f33f3f; --expanded-row-box-shadow: 4px 4px 20px var(--expanded-row-color); --expanded-row-color: var(--trd-blue); --filter-border-color: #c1c1c1; --filter-hover-border-color: #535353; --filter-selected-hover-border-color: #666; --game-platform-background: transparent; --game-platform-grey: #dbddde; --green: #3c8d0d; --grey: #adadad; --hawk-footer-background: var(--trd-grey); --hawk-footer-game-platform-border: solid 1px var(--game-platform-grey); --hawk-tab-background: #d6d6d6; --hawk-tab-text-color: #666; --heading-color: #2f6e91; --hover-panel-color: orange; --index-color: #999; --light-blue: #97edfc; --light-grey: #eaeaea; --light-mid-grey: #ccc; --lighter-mid-grey: #ebebeb; --mid-grey: #333; --model-options-filter-color: var(--pink); --mpu-header-background: none; --mpu-header-height: 19px; --mpu-header-padding: 10px 0; --nintendo-red: #e60012; --orange: #ff6f28; --parrot-heading-background-color: #543175; --parrot-row-background-color: #4cb807; --parrot-row-color: #1a1a1a; --parrot-row-hover-background-color: #388705; --pink: #e6248a; --playstation-blue: #003791; --postcode-entry-button-color: var(--site-color); --pre-order-promise-color: #aaa; --price-widget-border-bottom: none; --price-widget-padding: none; --prime-blue: #00aeef; --prime-green: #eaf7e9; --product-label-background: var(--light-grey); --product-label-text-color: var(--black); --radio-button-color: #c1c1c1; --range-filter-shadow-color: #a9a9a9; --red: red; --review-background: var(--trd-grey); --review-filters-border-color: var(--filter-border-color); --review-peacock-background: var(--white); --review-rows-background: var(--white); --rose-gold: #b76e79; --rows-background-color: var(--white); --seasonal-event-dark-grey: #313131; --seasonal-event-grey: #797979; --seasonal-event-merchants-background: var(--white); --shop-window-border-color: #cac7c7; --shopping-partners-header-background-color: #f26722; --site-color: #5aaf0b; --site-logo-max-width: none; --site-logo-width: 100%; --tab-color: var(--trd-blue); --toggle-color: var(--trd-blue); --toggle-switch-color: var(--trd-blue); --trd-blue: #2f6e91; --trd-dark-blue: #315062; --trd-dark-grey: #333; --trd-grey: #ededed; --trd-light-pink: #ea489d; --trd-pink: #e6248a; --tv-channels-display-label-color: #696969; --user-input-color: #c1c1c1; --user-input-hover-color: #535353; --user-input-input-background: #f2f2f2; --user-input-input-error-color: #838383; --was-price-light-promo-color: #ededed; --was-price-light-promo-text-color: #be0707; --was-price-promo-color: #be0707; --was-price-text-color: #848484; --white: #fff; --xbox-green: #107c10; --yellow: #ffd800; background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;"></aside><div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
The SR-71 regularly flew missions at speeds beyond 2,000 mph (Mach 3) and could survey more than 100,000 square miles of the Earth's surface per hour from a height of 80,000 feet (15 miles). Such extreme operating conditions allowed the aircraft to safely avoid interceptor fighter jets or missiles, but also forced the two-person crew to wear astronaut-style suits in case of loss of cabin pressure.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
Such extreme performance capabilities allowed an SR-71 to set two world records on July 28, 1976. The aircraft flew at just over 2,193 mph and at a height of about 85,069 feet.</div>
<div id="ultimedia_wrapper" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Extreme design</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
Two turbine engines designed to run constantly in afterburner mode boosted the aircraft to its supersonic speeds. The aircraft manufacturer, Lockheed Martin, initially wanted the SR-71 to use liquid hydrogen as fuel — similar to the space shuttle's main engines — but abandoned the idea because it would have required huge amounts of fuel.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
Lockheed Martin's Skunk Works division built stealth technology into the SR-71 by shaping its sleek airframe to reflect very little radar energy. The results proved partially successful.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
<img alt="The SR-71 Blackbird," class="pull- expandable lazy-image lazy-image-loading optional-image lazyautosizes lazyloaded" data-normal="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/space/media/img/missing-image.svg" data-original-mos="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/VWFHTvhvp27iLKMqPpZoTP.jpg" data-pin-media="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/VWFHTvhvp27iLKMqPpZoTP.jpg" data-sizes="auto" data-src="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/VWFHTvhvp27iLKMqPpZoTP-320-80.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/VWFHTvhvp27iLKMqPpZoTP-320-80.jpg 320w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/VWFHTvhvp27iLKMqPpZoTP-650-80.jpg 650w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/VWFHTvhvp27iLKMqPpZoTP-970-80.jpg 970w" sizes="602px" src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/space/media/img/missing-image.svg" srcset="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/VWFHTvhvp27iLKMqPpZoTP-320-80.jpg 320w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/VWFHTvhvp27iLKMqPpZoTP-650-80.jpg 650w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/VWFHTvhvp27iLKMqPpZoTP-970-80.jpg 970w" style="border: 0px; display: block; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; left: 0px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;" /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
The aircraft was also covered with a special black paint to absorb radar, radiate excess heat and to camouflage the aircraft against dark skies — a feature that inspired Air Force to give it the official "Blackbird" name.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
Titanium skin helped protect the aircraft's aluminum airframe from the intense heat of supersonic flight. Temperatures ranged from 450 degrees F (232 C) near the back part of the aircraft to 950 degrees F (510 C) near the engine exhaust. The cockpit had special heat-resistant glass to withstand surface temperatures of 640 degrees F (338 C).</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Birth and retirement</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
Lockheed Martin first proposed the idea of the SR-71 in the 1950s as a replacement for the slower U-2 spy aircraft. The first version of what would become the Blackbird, the A-12, flew its first surveillance mission with CIA pilots over North Vietnam in 1967.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
The U.S. Air Force also wanted an interceptor fighter jet version that led to Lockheed Martin building three YF-12A aircraft, but two crashed during testing. Lockheed Martin eventually proposed a version designed for doing reconnaissance in the aftermath of a nuclear strike — the design that became the SR-71.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
The SR-71's first flight test in 1964 eventually led to operational missions in January 1966. Blackbird crews ended up logging 2,801 hours of flight time during the aircraft's 24-year service.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
Growing use of satellites for space surveillance and the growing danger of more effective air defenses eventually convinced the Air Force to end SR-71 operations in January 1990. The U.S. Congress attempted to revive the program in 1995 over the protests of military leaders, but budget disputes finally put that idea to rest.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; height: auto; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px;">
NASA held onto three versions of the SR-71 for high-speed science projects and used them until 1999.</div>
</div>
ROHANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12815829645739278100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4761004177717890081.post-58535418014443170172020-01-02T05:18:00.000-08:002020-01-02T05:18:16.496-08:00BEST FIGHTER JETS<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 1.5em;">
These fighter planes developed rapidly after the invention of Wright Brothers and during the WWI and WWII. There are thousands of jet fighter model around the world, but we have selected top 10 best fighters that are currently operational.</div>
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.75rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor</h2>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 1.5em;">
<a href="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Lockheed-Martin-F-22-Raptor.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #22aadd;"><img alt="Lockheed-Martin-F-22-Raptor" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-165 lazyloaded" data-src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Lockheed-Martin-F-22-Raptor.jpg" data-srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Lockheed-Martin-F-22-Raptor.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Lockheed-Martin-F-22-Raptor-300x193.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Lockheed-Martin-F-22-Raptor-768x494.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Lockheed-Martin-F-22-Raptor-125x80.jpg 125w" height="515" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Lockheed-Martin-F-22-Raptor.jpg" srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Lockheed-Martin-F-22-Raptor.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Lockheed-Martin-F-22-Raptor-300x193.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Lockheed-Martin-F-22-Raptor-768x494.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Lockheed-Martin-F-22-Raptor-125x80.jpg 125w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; text-align: center;" width="800" /></a>Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor is a 5<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 12.75px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">th</span> generation and most stealthy spacecraft developed in the United States. This aircraft has excellent maneuverability and can perform operations in all-weather conditions. It was specially designed to gain air superiority among all the available jets of the world. But it is also better in performing air-to-ground attacks.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 1.5em;">
The exact technology that makes F-22 the most stealthy jet fighter is still classified. This fighter jet became operational for US Air Force since 2005 and is still the king of jet fighters.</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Features:</h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em 1.25em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Unit cost:</span> US$150 million</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Speed:</span> 2.25 Mach (2410 km/h)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Thrust:</span> 2 × 35,000 Ib (156 KN)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Range:</span> 2,960 km</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Wingspan: </span>23.56 meters</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.75rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
F35-Lightning II</h2>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 1.5em;">
<a href="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F35-Lightning-II.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #22aadd;"><img alt="F35-Lightning-II" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-166 lazyloaded" data-src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F35-Lightning-II.jpg" data-srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F35-Lightning-II.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F35-Lightning-II-300x181.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F35-Lightning-II-768x463.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F35-Lightning-II-125x75.jpg 125w" height="482" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F35-Lightning-II.jpg" srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F35-Lightning-II.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F35-Lightning-II-300x181.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F35-Lightning-II-768x463.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F35-Lightning-II-125x75.jpg 125w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; text-align: center;" width="800" /></a>F35-Lightning II is a 5<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 12.75px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">th</span> generation jet fighter developed by Lockheed Martin to perform successful ground attacks and achieve the air superiority. The development program for this jet fighter was one of the most expensive programs and due to this reason, it received many criticisms. The development cost for this fighter plane was majorly paid by the U.S. and the additional funding was then paid by NATO members and some U.S. allies. This jet fighter is currently operational in the United Kingdom, United States, South Korea, Netherland, and some other countries.</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Features:</h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em 1.25em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Unit cost:</span> $2 million</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Speed:</span> 1.61 Mach (1930 km/h)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Thrust:</span> 43,000 Ib (191 KN)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Range:</span> 2,220 km</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Wingspan: </span>10.7 meters</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.75rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Eurofighter Typhoon</h2>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 1.5em;">
<a href="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Eurofighter-Typhoon.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #22aadd;"><img alt="Eurofighter-Typhoon" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-167 lazyloaded" data-src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Eurofighter-Typhoon.jpg" data-srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Eurofighter-Typhoon.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Eurofighter-Typhoon-300x176.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Eurofighter-Typhoon-768x450.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Eurofighter-Typhoon-125x73.jpg 125w" height="469" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Eurofighter-Typhoon.jpg" srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Eurofighter-Typhoon.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Eurofighter-Typhoon-300x176.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Eurofighter-Typhoon-768x450.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Eurofighter-Typhoon-125x73.jpg 125w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; text-align: center;" width="800" /></a>Eurofighter Typhoon is a 5<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 12.75px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">th</span> generation jet fighter developed by many Europeans countries combined to achieve air superiority. It is one of the best fighter jets in Europe with modern technology. It has the ability to supercruise with the powerful twin engine that gives it the maximum speed of 1,852 km/h. Also, it is equipped with modern precision weapon guided system.</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Features:</h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em 1.25em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Unit cost:</span> €90 million</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Speed:</span> 1.5 Mach (1,852 km/h)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Thrust:</span> 2 × 20,230 Ib (90 KN)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Range:</span> 2,900 km</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Wingspan: </span>15.96 meters</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.75rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Dassault Rafale</h2>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 1.5em;">
<a href="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #22aadd;"><img alt="Dassault-Rafale" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-168 lazyloaded" data-src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale.jpg" data-srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale-300x200.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale-768x512.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale-120x80.jpg 120w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale-360x240.jpg 360w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale-600x400.jpg 600w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale-125x83.jpg 125w" height="533" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale.jpg" srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale-300x200.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale-768x512.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale-120x80.jpg 120w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale-360x240.jpg 360w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale-600x400.jpg 600w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Dassault-Rafale-125x83.jpg 125w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; text-align: center;" width="800" /></a>Dassault Rafale is a French jet fighter plane with a twin engine and has the capability to carry a wide range of weapons. It was developed to achieve the multirole in the battlefield to defeat the enemy both in air-to-air combat and air-to-ground combat. Also, it has the ability to take part in nuclear warfare and aerial reconnaissance. This jet fighter enlists itself in the top ten list of fighting jets.</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Features:</h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em 1.25em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Unit cost:</span> €74 million</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Speed:</span> 1.8 Mach (1,912 km/h)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Thrust:</span> 11,250 Ibf (50 KN)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Range:</span> 3,700 km</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Wingspan: </span>10.8 meters</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.75rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Sukhoi Su-35</h2>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 1.5em;">
<a href="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #22aadd;"><img alt="Sukhoi-Su-35" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-169 lazyloaded" data-src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35.jpg" data-srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35-300x200.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35-768x512.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35-120x80.jpg 120w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35-360x240.jpg 360w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35-600x400.jpg 600w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35-125x83.jpg 125w" height="533" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35.jpg" srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35-300x200.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35-768x512.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35-120x80.jpg 120w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35-360x240.jpg 360w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35-600x400.jpg 600w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sukhoi-Su-35-125x83.jpg 125w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; text-align: center;" width="800" /></a>Sukhoi Su-35 is a Russian jet fighter and an improved version of Su-27 jet fighter. This jet fighter has a twin engine with excellent maneuverability. It is designed to accomplish multirole missions and achieve the air-supremacy. The weight carrying capability of Su-35 is much improved than its predecessor Su-27. Many nations including China and Indonesia have shown their interest in this jetfighter and have ordered it from Russia.</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Features:</h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em 1.25em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Unit cost:</span> US$40-65 million</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Speed:</span> 2.25 Mach (2,400 km/h)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Thrust:</span> 2 × 31,900 Ibf (86.3 KN)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Range:</span> 3,600 km</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Wingspan: </span>15.3 meters</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.75rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Chengdu J-10</h2>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 1.5em;">
<a href="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Chengdu-J-10.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #22aadd;"><img alt="Chengdu-J-10" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-170 lazyloaded" data-src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Chengdu-J-10.jpg" data-srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Chengdu-J-10.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Chengdu-J-10-300x143.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Chengdu-J-10-768x366.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Chengdu-J-10-125x60.jpg 125w" height="381" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Chengdu-J-10.jpg" srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Chengdu-J-10.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Chengdu-J-10-300x143.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Chengdu-J-10-768x366.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Chengdu-J-10-125x60.jpg 125w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; text-align: center;" width="800" /></a>J-10 is one of the best jet fighter developed by China and was the first Chinese aircraft to challenge the Western and also Russian advanced aircraft. This jet fighter was designed for multirole missions and has the capability to operate in all weather conditions. It is very lightweight and very cheap as compared to its competitor Russian jet fighters.</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Features:</h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em 1.25em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Unit cost:</span> US$84 million</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Speed:</span> 1.8 Mach (1912 km/h)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Thrust:</span> 29,000 Ibf (130 kN)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Combat Radius:</span> 550 km</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Wingspan: </span>9.75 meters</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.75rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Mikoyan MIG-35</h2>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 1.5em;">
<a href="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mikoyan-MIG-35.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #22aadd;"><img alt="Mikoyan-MIG-35" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-171 lazyloaded" data-src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mikoyan-MIG-35.jpg" data-srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mikoyan-MIG-35.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mikoyan-MIG-35-300x175.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mikoyan-MIG-35-768x447.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mikoyan-MIG-35-125x73.jpg 125w" height="466" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mikoyan-MIG-35.jpg" srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mikoyan-MIG-35.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mikoyan-MIG-35-300x175.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mikoyan-MIG-35-768x447.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mikoyan-MIG-35-125x73.jpg 125w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; text-align: center;" width="800" /></a>MIG-35 is a 4<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 12.75px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">th</span> generation multirole fighter jet developed by Russia. This jet fighter was evolved from several Russian jet fighter designs and has the advanced avionics and precise weapon system with the capability of precision-guided targeting. This jet fighter has several other features which make it independent from ground-controlled interception for conducting multirole operations. One of those features that make it independent is a redesigned optical locator system.</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Features:</h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em 1.25em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Unit cost:</span> US$40 million</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Speed:</span> 2.2 Mach (2,400 km/h)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Thrust:</span> 19,840 Ibf (88.3 kN)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Range:</span> 2,000 meters</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Wingspan: </span>12 meters</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.75rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Saab JAS 39 Gripen</h2>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 1.5em;">
<a href="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Saab-JAS-39-Gripen.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #22aadd;"><img alt="Saab-JAS-39-Gripen" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-172 lazyloaded" data-src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Saab-JAS-39-Gripen.jpg" data-srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Saab-JAS-39-Gripen.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Saab-JAS-39-Gripen-300x176.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Saab-JAS-39-Gripen-768x449.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Saab-JAS-39-Gripen-125x73.jpg 125w" height="468" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Saab-JAS-39-Gripen.jpg" srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Saab-JAS-39-Gripen.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Saab-JAS-39-Gripen-300x176.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Saab-JAS-39-Gripen-768x449.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Saab-JAS-39-Gripen-125x73.jpg 125w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; text-align: center;" width="800" /></a>JAS 39 Gripen is a multirole jet fighter developed by Sweden. The development and manufacturing of this jet fighter is done by Saab – a Swedish aerospace company. It is designed with a lightweight frame and an advanced aerodynamic layout to reduces fuel consumption. It is very fuel efficient yet a powerful jet fighter with a top speed of 2 Mach (2470 km/h). The company, Saab, claims that the operating cost of this jet fighter is the lowest of all the fighter jets that are operational around the world.</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Features:</h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em 1.25em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Unit cost:</span> US$30-60 million</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Speed:</span> 2 Mach (2470 km/h)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Thrust:</span> 18,100 Ibf (80.5 KN)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Range:</span> 3,200 km</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Wingspan: </span>8.4 meters</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.75rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
F-15 Eagle</h2>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 1.5em;">
<a href="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-15-Eagle.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #22aadd;"><img alt="F-15-Eagle" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-173 lazyloaded" data-src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-15-Eagle.jpg" data-srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-15-Eagle.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-15-Eagle-300x175.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-15-Eagle-768x448.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-15-Eagle-125x73.jpg 125w" height="467" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-15-Eagle.jpg" srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-15-Eagle.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-15-Eagle-300x175.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-15-Eagle-768x448.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-15-Eagle-125x73.jpg 125w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; text-align: center;" width="800" /></a>F-15 Eagle is an American jet fighter designed by McDonnell Douglas for aerial supremacy. It is the most successful fighter jet that was used by Israel for attacking Arabs nations and consolidating its occupied land. This fighter jet is specifically designed for air-to-air combat, but it also has the capability for ground-attacking. The flexibility in the design of aircraft inspired engineer to develop its improved version, named F-15E Strike Eagle which is a more powerful jet fighter.</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Features:</h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em 1.25em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Unit cost:</span> US$29.9 million</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Speed:</span> 2.5+ Mach (2665+ km/h)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Thrust:</span> 2 × 23.920 Ibf (106.4 KN)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Combat Radius:</span> 1967 km</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Wingspan: </span>13.05 meters</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.75rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
F-16 Fighting Falcon</h2>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 1.5em;">
<a href="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-16-Fighting-Falcon.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #22aadd;"><img alt="F-16-Fighting-Falcon" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-174 lazyloaded" data-src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-16-Fighting-Falcon.jpg" data-srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-16-Fighting-Falcon.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-16-Fighting-Falcon-300x207.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-16-Fighting-Falcon-768x531.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-16-Fighting-Falcon-125x86.jpg 125w" height="553" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" src="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-16-Fighting-Falcon.jpg" srcset="https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-16-Fighting-Falcon.jpg 800w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-16-Fighting-Falcon-300x207.jpg 300w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-16-Fighting-Falcon-768x531.jpg 768w, https://toptenscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/F-16-Fighting-Falcon-125x86.jpg 125w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; text-align: center;" width="800" /></a>F-16 Fighting Falcon is one of the most popular jet fighters among all the jet fighters of the world. It has many variants that were developed over time as the technology progressed. This fighter jet was developed by the U.S. in 1970 to gain the air-superiority but now it a multirole fighter jet.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 1.5em;">
This fighter jet has been produced in very large scale and more than 4,500 jets are currently operating under United States Air Force. Currently, U.S. Air Force has stopped purchasing this jet, but this jet is still famous is many countries and is being exported to them with many improvements.</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.75em 0px;">
Features:</h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #404040; font-family: ubuntu, Tahoma, Arial; font-size: 17px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em 1.25em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Unit cost:</span> US$18.8 million</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Speed:</span> 2 Mach (2,120 km/h)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Thrust:</span> 28,000 Ibf (127 KN)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Range:</span> 4,220 km</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Wingspan: </span>9.96 meters</li>
</ul>
</div>
ROHANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12815829645739278100noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4761004177717890081.post-83397099085720833802019-12-30T10:52:00.001-08:002019-12-30T10:52:32.199-08:00WHY RAFALE<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
Lets see what were India's other alternatives</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
America's F-16 super viper F/A-18 super hornet</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_image_outer" style="color: #333333; display: inline-block; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; overflow: hidden;">
<div class="ui_qtext_image_wrapper" style="line-height: 0; position: relative;">
<img class="landscape ui_qtext_image zoomable_in zoomable_in_feed" master_h="139" master_src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-b2c03eb5c3b36e6d1147641ee230bb7e-c" master_w="265" src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-b2c03eb5c3b36e6d1147641ee230bb7e.webp" style="animation-duration: 0.001s; animation-name: insQ_100; border-radius: 3px; border: 0px; color: transparent; cursor: -webkit-zoom-in; max-width: 100%;" /></div>
</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
Swedish SAAB Gripen</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_image_outer" style="color: #333333; display: inline-block; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; overflow: hidden;">
<div class="ui_qtext_image_wrapper" style="line-height: 0; position: relative;">
<img class="landscape ui_qtext_image zoomable_in zoomable_in_feed" master_h="255" master_src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-bf6b009b0ca86230f1a37fef2add6eb2-c" master_w="390" src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-bf6b009b0ca86230f1a37fef2add6eb2.webp" style="animation-duration: 0.001s; animation-name: insQ_100; border-radius: 3px; border: 0px; color: transparent; cursor: -webkit-zoom-in; max-width: 100%;" /></div>
</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
The Eurofighter Typhoon</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_image_outer" style="color: #333333; display: inline-block; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; overflow: hidden;">
<div class="ui_qtext_image_wrapper" style="line-height: 0; position: relative;">
<img class="landscape ui_qtext_image zoomable_in zoomable_in_feed" master_h="166" master_src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-0dbd52d61dac8409c9ea144df9569b9c-c" master_w="222" src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-0dbd52d61dac8409c9ea144df9569b9c.webp" style="animation-duration: 0.001s; animation-name: insQ_100; border-radius: 3px; border: 0px; color: transparent; cursor: -webkit-zoom-in; max-width: 100%;" /></div>
</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
The Dasault Rafale</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_image_outer" style="color: #333333; display: inline-block; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; overflow: hidden;">
<div class="ui_qtext_image_wrapper" style="line-height: 0; position: relative;">
<img class="landscape ui_qtext_image zoomable_in zoomable_in_feed" master_h="146" master_src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-9c517da5802706b3474fbb531b31710c-c" master_w="252" src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-9c517da5802706b3474fbb531b31710c.webp" style="animation-duration: 0.001s; animation-name: insQ_100; border-radius: 3px; border: 0px; color: transparent; cursor: -webkit-zoom-in; max-width: 100%;" /></div>
</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_image_outer" style="color: #333333; display: inline-block; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; overflow: hidden;">
<div class="ui_qtext_image_wrapper" style="line-height: 0; position: relative;">
<img class="landscape ui_qtext_image zoomable_in zoomable_in_feed" master_h="159" master_src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-a77c6fb5451940a8728d9f87898d25cb-c" master_w="232" src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-a77c6fb5451940a8728d9f87898d25cb.webp" style="animation-duration: 0.001s; animation-name: insQ_100; border-radius: 3px; border: 0px; color: transparent; cursor: -webkit-zoom-in; max-width: 100%;" /></div>
</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
The Russia Mikoyan MiG35</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_image_outer" style="color: #333333; display: inline-block; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; overflow: hidden;">
<div class="ui_qtext_image_wrapper" style="line-height: 0; position: relative;">
<img class="landscape ui_qtext_image zoomable_in zoomable_in_feed" master_h="180" master_src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-8089d55f6175fd2d4138483c0c9357e6-c" master_w="240" src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-8089d55f6175fd2d4138483c0c9357e6.webp" style="animation-duration: 0.001s; animation-name: insQ_100; border-radius: 3px; border: 0px; color: transparent; cursor: -webkit-zoom-in; max-width: 100%;" /></div>
</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_image_outer" style="color: #333333; display: inline-block; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; overflow: hidden;">
<div class="ui_qtext_image_wrapper" style="line-height: 0; position: relative;">
<img class="portrait ui_qtext_image zoomable_in zoomable_in_feed" master_h="128" master_src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-b194423b4dc029ec6873e4fbd4571a77-c" master_w="90" src="https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-b194423b4dc029ec6873e4fbd4571a77.webp" style="animation-duration: 0.001s; animation-name: insQ_100; border-radius: 3px; border: 0px; color: transparent; cursor: -webkit-zoom-in; max-width: 100%;" /></div>
</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
What Indian air force needs is MMRCA , india ruled out F-16 , Gripen because Indian air force doesn't need single engine jets</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
About F/A-18 i would say that , one of the best jets in the world . Is twin engine . So why didn't Indian air force consider it ? <b>BVR ( Beyond Visual Range ) </b>radar technology . It cannot compete the Eurofighter , and rafale in that matter . And many other fields</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
Next up , MiG35 ! new bird in the sky . But it is based on the old MIG29 which we all ready have . MiG29 is , was never as impressive as our pride SU30MKI . Who takes a step back ? Not atleast Indians . However new media reports suggest that india still may buy MiG35 or Su35s( 5th gen jointly being developed) ( I wish india should but SU35s , really awsm jet )</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
Whats left is Typhoon and Rafale .</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
Both Eurofighter and Rafale are 4.5-generation twin-engined fighters with delta wings and are mostly made up of carbon fibre composites, which make the fighter light and increase fuel efficiency.</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
In power game, Rafale’s engine has dry thrust of 50kN, whereas Eurofighter’s is a notch higher (69kN). Eurofighter has a mechanically steered pulse doppler radar called CAPTOR whereas Rafale has a PESA radar which is completely automated and technologically superior to the European fighter’s. Rafale’s radar is able to track up to 40 aircraft and can engage eight of them.</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
Rafale is an ‘omni-fighter’ as it could be tasked for suppression of enemy air defences, recce and deep strike missions. Eurofighter is the best in air-to-air combat but has limited air-to-ground combat capabilities.</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
Rafale can be used as an aircraft carrier-based fighter and has a nuclear strike role like Sukhois whereas Eurofighter’s naval version is still in development stage. Rafale has the advantage of being logistically and operationally similar to Mirage 2000, which the IAF already operates. This would require fewer changes in the existing infrastructure of the IAF, which, in turn, will reduce cost. If India had opted for Eurofighter, it would have been a totally new edition in the IAF fleet, compelling the force to build new infrastructure and start a series of training for its pilots to familiarize them with a new technology.</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px;">
Being 100% French, Rafale provides Dassault a distinct edge over its competitors on the issue of technology transfer. In the case of Eurofighter, India would have to deal with four countries (UK, Germany, Italy and Spain) for sorting out even a minor issue related to acquisition or technology transfer. Last but not the least, Rafale with $84.48 million price tag (2009 figures) is cheaper than Eurofighter ($108 million).</div>
<div class="ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start" style="color: #333333; direction: ltr !important; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; padding: 0px;">
Rafale, a medium multi-role combat aircraft, will easily fill the gap between India’s high-end Sukhois and low-end Tejas aircraft and can protect our borders till the time India’s fifth-generation fighter, being jointly developed with Russia, becomes a reality. Thus, the IAF’s decision is a safe bet.</div>
</div>
ROHANhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12815829645739278100noreply@blogger.com0